Evidence map›Paper›PMID 11717406›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2001

Import of amber and ochre suppressor tRNAs into mammalian cells: a general approach to site-specific insertion of amino acid analogues into proteins.

C Köhrer, L Xie, S Kellerer, U Varshney, U L RajBhandary

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2001. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
29citing papers in PubMed
2.9field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

29 citing papers in PubMed, 75 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Biological Regulation StudiedAccounts of chemical research · 2025
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  4. Review
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  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Expanding the Scope of Protein Synthesis Using Modified Ribosomes.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2019
    Article
  11. Review
  12. Genetic Code Expansion and Optoproteomics.The Yale journal of biology and medicine · 2017
    Review
  13. The central role of tRNA in genetic code expansion.Biochimica et biophysica acta. General subjects · 2017
    Review
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

C KöhrerDepartment of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
L Xie
S Kellerer
U Varshney
U L RajBhandary
Massachusetts Institute of Technology · US

Funding

STRUCTURE/FUNCTION OF TRANSFER RIBONUCLEIC ACIDSR37GM017151 · NIGMS · MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI RAJBHANDARY, UTTAM L · 1997 to 2006
$3.6M
NIGMS NIH HHS R37 GM017151NIGMS NIH HHS R37GM17151
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

A general approach to site-specific insertion of amino acid analogues into proteins in vivo would be the import into cells of a suppressor tRNA aminoacylated with the analogue of choice. The analogue would be inserted at any site in the protein specified by a stop codon in the mRNA. The only requirement is that the suppressor tRNA must not be a substrate for any of the cellular aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. Here, we describe conditions for the import of amber and ochre suppressor tRNAs derived from Escherichia coli initiator tRNA into mammalian COS1 cells, and we present evidence for their activity in the specific suppression of amber (UAG) and ochre (UAA) codons, respectively. We show that an aminoacylated amber suppressor tRNA (supF) derived from the E. coli tyrosine tRNA can be imported into COS1 cells and acts as a suppressor of amber codons, whereas the same suppressor tRNA imported without prior aminoacylation does not, suggesting that the supF tRNA is not a substrate for any mammalian aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase. These results open the possibility of using the supF tRNA aminoacylated with an amino acid analogue as a general approach for the site-specific insertion of amino acid analogues into proteins in mammalian cells. We discuss the possibility further of importing a mixture of amber and ochre suppressor tRNAs for the insertion of two different amino acid analogues into a protein and the potential use of suppressor tRNA import for treatment of some of the human genetic diseases caused by nonsense mutations.

Indexed as

Genes, SuppressorAnimalsBase SequenceCOS CellsEscherichia coliMolecular Sequence DataNucleic Acid ConformationRecombinant ProteinsRNA, TransferRNA, Transfer, Amino AcylTransfectionRecombinant ProteinsRNA, TransferRNA, Transfer, Amino AcylsupF tRNA

Identifiers

PMID11717406
PMCPMC64678
OpenAlexW2106639602

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.