ArticleMolecular and cellular biology2001
Molecular dissection of DNA sequences and factors involved in slow muscle-specific transcription.
Article in Molecular and cellular biology, 2001. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ets2 Is an Activity-Dependent Transcriptional Regulator of a Fast-Twitch Muscle Program.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026Article
- Genome-wide expression analysis and EMX2 gene expression in embryonic myoblasts committed to diverse skeletal muscle fiber type fates.Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists · 2013Article
- Overexpression of Six1 gene suppresses proliferation and enhances expression of fast-type muscle genes in C2C12 myoblasts.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2013Article
- GTF2IRD2 from the Williams-Beuren critical region encodes a mobile-element-derived fusion protein that antagonizes the action of its related family members.Journal of cell science · 2012Article
- Excitation-transcription coupling in skeletal muscle: the molecular pathways of exercise.Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · 2011Review
- Differentiation and fiber type-specific activity of a muscle creatine kinase intronic enhancer.Skeletal muscle · 2011Article
- Lineage-based primary muscle fiber type diversification independent of MEF2 and NFAT in chick embryos.Journal of muscle research and cell motility · 2011Article
- Global analysis of gene expression in the developing brain of Gtf2ird1 knockout mice.PloS one · 2011Article
- Negative autoregulation of GTF2IRD1 in Williams-Beuren syndrome via a novel DNA binding mechanism.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2010Article
- The ups and downs of gene regulation by electrical activity in skeletal muscles.Journal of muscle research and cell motility · 2009Review
- Overexpression of TEAD-1 in transgenic mouse striated muscles produces a slower skeletal muscle contractile phenotype.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2008Article
- Determination and functional analysis of the consensus binding site for TFII-I family member BEN, implicated in Williams-Beuren syndrome.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2008Article
- Activity-dependent repression of muscle genes by NFAT.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2008Article
- NF-kappaB mediates the transcription of mouse calsarcin-1 gene, but not calsarcin-2, in C2C12 cells.BMC molecular biology · 2007Article
- TGF-beta1 favors the development of fast type identity during soleus muscle regeneration.Journal of muscle research and cell motility · 2006Article
- Imaging transcription in vivo: distinct regulatory effects of fast and slow activity patterns on promoter elements from vertebrate troponin I isoform genes.The Journal of physiology · 2005Article
- Two functionally identical modular enhancers in Drosophila troponin T gene establish the correct protein levels in different muscle types.Molecular biology of the cell · 2004Article
- Regulation of alternative splicing of Gtf2ird1 and its impact on slow muscle promoter activity.The Biochemical journal · 2003Article
- Transcription enhancer factor 1 binds multiple muscle MEF2 and A/T-rich elements during fast-to-slow skeletal muscle fiber type transitions.Molecular and cellular biology · 2003Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Transcription is a major regulatory mechanism for the generation of slow- and fast-twitch myofibers. We previously identified an upstream region of the slow TnI gene (slow upstream regulatory element [SURE]) and an intronic region of the fast TnI gene (fast intronic regulatory element [FIRE]) that are sufficient to direct fiber type-specific transcription in transgenic mice. Here we demonstrate that the downstream half of TnI SURE, containing E box, NFAT, MEF-2, and CACC motifs, is sufficient to confer pan-skeletal muscle-specific expression in transgenic mice. However, upstream regions of SURE and FIRE are required for slow and fast fiber type specificity, respectively. By adding back upstream SURE sequences to the pan-muscle-specific enhancer, we delineated a 15-bp region necessary for slow muscle specificity. Using this sequence in a yeast one-hybrid screen, we isolated cDNAs for general transcription factor 3 (GTF3)/muscle TFII-I repeat domain-containing protein 1 (MusTRD1). GTF3 is a multidomain nuclear protein related to initiator element-binding transcription factor TF II-I; the genes for both proteins are deleted in persons with Williams-Beuren syndrome, who often manifest muscle weakness. Gel retardation assays revealed that full-length GTF3, as well as its carboxy-terminal half, specifically bind the bicoid-like motif of SURE (GTTAATCCG). GTF3 expression is neither muscle nor fiber type specific. Its levels are highest during a period of fetal development that coincides with the emergence of specific fiber types and transiently increases in regenerating muscles damaged by bupivacaine. We further show that transcription from TnI SURE is repressed by GTF3 when overexpressed in electroporated adult soleus muscles. These results suggest a role for GTF3 as a regulator of slow TnI expression during early stages of muscle development and suggest how it could contribute to Williams-Beuren syndrome.
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