ArticleJournal of neurovirology2001
CNS invasion by CD14+/CD16+ peripheral blood-derived monocytes in HIV dementia: perivascular accumulation and reservoir of HIV infection.
Article in Journal of neurovirology, 2001. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 224 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
224 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 362 citations in OpenAlex.
- The relationship between HIV-1 neuroinflammation, neurocognitive impairment and encephalitis pathology: A systematic review of studies investigating post-mortem brain tissue.Reviews in medical virology · 2024Pooled it
- JAM-A and ALCAM are therapeutic targets to inhibit diapedesis across the BBB of CD14+CD16+ monocytes in HIV-infected individuals.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2015Trial
- NP001 regulation of macrophage activation markers in ALS: a phase I clinical and biomarker study.Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis & frontotemporal degeneration · 2014Trial
- Characterization of platelet-monocyte complexes in HIV-1-infected individuals: possible role in HIV-associated neuroinflammation.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2014Trial
- Identification of distinct HIV reservoir phenotypes and associated immune landscapes.JCI insight · 2026Article
- ΔJournal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2026Article
- HIV transgenic mouse monocytes display increasedJournal of virology · 2026Article
- Smoldering in the sanctuary: HIV-associated brain injury in the ART era.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Review
- Coreceptor usage of plasma and cerebrospinal fluid-derived HIV-1 subtype C variants.Virology journal · 2026Article
- CSF CXCL13 as a longitudinal marker for neurocognition in HIV-1-associated dementia after start of treatment in cART-naïve patients.Journal of neurovirology · 2026Article
- Resolving inflammation: The impact of antiretroviral therapy on macrophage traffic in and out of the CNS.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- T cell-mediated SIV dissemination into the CNS: a single-cell transcriptomic analysis.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Influence of plasma exosomes from women living with HIV Stratified by HAND on monocyte subpopulations from healthy women without HIV.Journal of neurovirology · 2025Article
- Single-cell analysis of CD14Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Molecular characterization of HIV-1 near-full-length proviral quasispecies in monocytes from patients across different virological responses.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Dynamics of peripheral T cell exhaustion and monocyte subpopulations in neurocognitive impairment and brain atrophy in chronic HIV infection.Journal of neurovirology · 2024Article
- CD14+CD16+ monocyte transmigration across the blood-brain barrier is associated with HIV-NCI despite viral suppression.JCI insight · 2024Article
- Toll-Like Receptor Genes and Risk of Latent Tuberculosis Infection in People Infected with HIV-1.Viruses · 2024Article
- Review
- Fentanyl dysregulates neuroinflammation and disrupts blood-brain barrier integrity in HIV-1 Tat transgenic mice.Journal of neurovirology · 2024Article
164 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Increases in circulating CD14+/CD16+ monocytes have been associated with HIV dementia; trafficking of these cells into the CNS has been proposed to play an important role in the pathogenesis of HIV-induced neurological disorders. This model suggests that events outside the CNS leading to monocyte activation initiate the process leading to HIV dementia. To investigate the role of this activated monocyte subset in the pathogenesis of HIV dementia, we examined brain specimens from patients with HIV encephalopathy (HIVE), HIV without encephalopathy, and seronegative controls. An accumulation of perivascular macrophages was observed in HIVE. The majority of these cells identified in microglial nodules and in the perivascular infiltrate were CD14+/CD16+. P24 antigen colocalized with both CD14 and CD16 suggesting that the CD14+/CD16+ macrophage is a major reservoir of HIV-1 infection in CNS. Using CD45/LCA staining, the perivascular macrophage was distinguished from resident microglia. In addition to perivascular and nodular localizations, CD16 also stained ramified cells throughout the white matter. These cells were more ramified and abundant than cells positive for CD14 in white matter. Double staining for p24 and CD16 suggests that these cells were often infected with HIV-1. The prominent distribution of CD14+ cells in HIVE prompted our analysis of soluble CD14 levels in cerebrospinal fluid. Higher levels of soluble CD14 (sCD14) were observed in patients with moderate-to-severe HIV dementia, suggesting the utility of sCD14 as a surrogate marker. CD14+/CD16+ monocytes may play a role in other neurological disorders and sCD14 may be useful for evaluating these conditions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.