ReviewInternational journal of experimental pathology2001
Viral escape mechanisms--escapology taught by viruses.
Review in International journal of experimental pathology, 2001. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 63 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
63 citing papers in PubMed, 117 citations in OpenAlex.
- Phylogeographic dynamics of oropouche virus in the Colombian Amazon: Evolutionary insights in a climatic context.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Unlocking the potential: current landscape and future directions of immunotherapy in gastric cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Changes in spectrum of respiratory pathogens infections among hospitalized patients post COVID-19 pandemic in Jinan, Shandong Province.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Exploring the oncogenic potential of SARS-CoV-2 in the gastrointestinal tract.World journal of gastroenterology · 2025Review
- Selective Diversity in RNA Viruses: Do They Know How to Evolve? A Hypothesis.BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology · 2025Review
- Over time analysis of the codon usage of SARS-CoV-2 and its variants.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2025Article
- Predicting viral proteins that evade the innate immune system: a machine learning-based immunoinformatics tool.BMC bioinformatics · 2024Article
- Regulatory role of microRNAs in virus-mediated inflammation.Journal of inflammation (London, England) · 2024Review
- Genetic variations and gene expression profiles of Rice Black-streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV) in different host plants and insect vectors: insights from RNA-Seq analysis.BMC genomics · 2024Article
- Impact of Vaccination and Nonpharmaceutical Interventions With Possible COVID-19 Viral Evolutions Using an Agent-Based Simulation.AJPM focus · 2024Article
- Understanding the Mode of Action of a Micro-Immunotherapy Formulation: Pre-Clinical Evidence from the Study of 2LEBVLife (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Cutaneous granulomas associated with rubella virus: A clinical review.Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · 2024Review
- Innovation-driven trend shaping COVID-19 vaccine development in China.Frontiers of medicine · 2023Review
- Chikungunya Virus, Metabolism, and Circadian Rhythmicity Interplay in Phagocytic Cells.Metabolites · 2023Review
- Insight into the Epigenetics of Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Nasopharynx Battlefield: Cellular Immune Responses Mediated by Midkine in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma and COVID-19.Cancers · 2023Review
- Viral Capsid, Antibody, and Receptor Interactions: Experimental Analysis of the Antibody Escape Evolution of Canine Parvovirus.Journal of virology · 2023Article
- Variant-specific deleterious mutations in the SARS-CoV-2 genome reveal immune responses and potentials for prophylactic vaccine development.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- Combining of Oncolytic Virotherapy and Other Immunotherapeutic Approaches in Cancer: A Powerful Functionalization Tactic.Global challenges (Hoboken, NJ) · 2023Review
- Colliding Pandemics and CoViD-19.Bioinformation · 2023Article
3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Viruses have 'studied' immunology over millions of years of coevolution with their hosts. During this ongoing education they have developed countless mechanisms to escape from the host's immune system. To illustrate the most common strategies of viral immune escape we have focused on two murine models of persistent infection, lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) and murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV). LCMV is a fast replicating small RNA virus with a genome prone to mutations. Therefore, LCMV escapes from the immune system mainly by two strategies: 'speed' and 'shape change'. At the opposite extreme, MCMV is a large, complex DNA virus with a more rigid genome and thus the strategies used by LCMV are no option. However, MCMV has the coding capacity for additional genes which interfere specifically with the immune response of the host. These escape strategies have been described as 'camouflage' and 'sabotage'. Using these simple concepts we describe the spectrum of viral escapology, giving credit not only to the researchers who uncovered this fascinating area of immunology but also to the viruses themselves, who still have a few lessons to teach.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.