ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2001
Increased ability for selection of zidovudine resistance in a distinct class of wild-type HIV-1 from drug-naive persons.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2001. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Geographic and temporal trends in the molecular epidemiology and genetic mechanisms of transmitted HIV-1 drug resistance: an individual-patient- and sequence-level meta-analysis.PLoS medicine · 2015Pooled it
- Persistence of transmitted HIV-1 drug resistance mutations associated with fitness costs and viral genetic backgrounds.PLoS pathogens · 2015Trial
- Article
- Comprehensive database of HIV mutations selected during antiretroviral in vitro passage experiments.Antiviral research · 2024Article
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 RNA Detected in the Central Nervous System (CNS) After Years of Suppressive Antiretroviral Therapy Can Originate from a Replicating CNS Reservoir or Clonally Expanded Cells.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2019Article
- Article
- Brazilian network for HIV Drug Resistance Surveillance (HIV-BresNet): a survey of treatment-naive individuals.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2018Article
- HIV-1 transmitted drug resistance in Slovenia and its impact on predicted treatment effectiveness: 2011-2016 update.PloS one · 2018Article
- Using drug exposure for predicting drug resistance - A data-driven genotypic interpretation tool.PloS one · 2017Article
- Transmitted HIV Drug Resistance Is High and Longstanding in Metropolitan Washington, DC.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2016Article
- HIV-1 subtypes and drug resistance profiles in a cohort of heterosexual patients in Istanbul, Turkey.Medical microbiology and immunology · 2015Article
- Japanese external quality assessment program to standardize HIV-1 drug-resistance testing (JEQS2010 program) using in vitro transcribed RNA as reference material.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2015Article
- Article
- Persistence of frequently transmitted drug-resistant HIV-1 variants can be explained by high viral replication capacity.Retrovirology · 2014Article
- A multicenter study of initiation of antiretroviral therapy and transmitted drug resistance in antiretroviral-naive adolescents and young adults with HIV in New York City.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2014Article
- Prevalence of transmitted HIV-1 antiretroviral resistance among patients initiating antiretroviral therapy in Brazil: a surveillance study using dried blood spots.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2014Article
- Aptamer-based therapeutics: new approaches to combat human viral diseases.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2013Article
- Trends in prevalence of HIV-1 drug resistance in Thailand 2009-2010.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2013Article
- Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor resistance mutations associated with first-line stavudine-containing antiretroviral therapy: programmatic implications for countries phasing out stavudine.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2013Article
- High viremia and low level of transmitted drug resistance in anti-retroviral therapy-naïve perinatally-infected children and adolescents with HIV-1 subtype C infection.BMC infectious diseases · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Transmission of HIV-1 with reduced susceptibility to antiretroviral drugs raises public health concerns. Through surveillance of drug-resistant HIV-1 in 603 treatment-naive, recently diagnosed HIV-1-infected persons, we identified a distinct group of viruses that have mutations at codon 215 of the reverse transcriptase (RT) gene that are different from either the wild-type (WT) T or the zidovudine (AZT)-selected T215Y/F. These mutations included 215D/C/S and were found in 20 patients (3.3%). The 215D, 215C, and 215S mutations differ from 215Y by a 1-nt change compared with 2 nt for the WT T215 and likely represent revertants of 215Y. These viruses all were found to have WT susceptibility to AZT, and all replicated efficiently as WT HIV-1(T215). However, differences in fitness among HIV-1(215D), HIV-1(215C), and HIV-1(215S) were seen when RT backgrounds were changed, demonstrating a role of the RT background in the selection of these revertants. In vitro selection with AZT showed that HIV-1(215D) and HIV-1(215C) acquired 215Y more rapidly than did WT HIV-1(T215), likely reflecting the need for only 1-nt change to evolve to 215Y. Our study demonstrates that HIV-1 with unusual mutations at codon 215 replicate efficiently, have WT susceptibility, and are commonly found in treatment-naive persons. The increased ability for selecting resistance mutations defines this class of WT HIV-1 and highlights the higher potential of these viruses to compromise the efficacy of antiretroviral therapy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.