ArticleAnnals of noninvasive electrocardiology : the official journal of the International Society for Holter and Noninvasive Electrocardiology, Inc2001
Effects of hormone replacement therapy on heart rate variability in postmenopausal women.
Article in Annals of noninvasive electrocardiology : the official journal of the International Society for Holter and Noninvasive Electrocardiology, Inc, 2001. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- The Benefits of Estradiol on Cognitive Aging in Rats Are Independent From Its Effects on Cardiometabolic Health.Endocrinology · 2025Article
- Association between resting heart rate and low natural killer cell activity: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Brainstem network connectivity with mid-anterior insula predicts lower systolic blood pressure at rest in older adults with hypertension.Journal of human hypertension · 2021Article
- Sex differences in cardiac autonomic regulation and in repolarisation electrocardiography.Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology · 2013Review
- Evaluation of cardiac autonomic function by various indices in patients with primary premature ovarian failure.Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society · 2012Article
- Modulation of heart rate variability by estrogen in young women undergoing induction of ovulation.European journal of applied physiology · 2009Article
- Effects of ovarian hormones and aging on respiratory sinus arrhythmia and breathing patterns in women.Clinical autonomic research : official journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society · 2008Article
- Heart rate variability in young women with polycystic ovary syndrome.Annals of noninvasive electrocardiology : the official journal of the International Society for Holter and Noninvasive Electrocardiology, Inc · 2006Article
- Age, body mass index, and menstrual cycle influence young women's heart rate variability --a multivariable analysis.Clinical autonomic research : official journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society · 2005Article
- Heart rate variability in athletes.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2003Review
- Association of Vasomotor Symptoms and Cardiac Autonomic Functions in Perimenopausal Women.Journal of mid-life healthArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHormone replacement therapy (HRT) is associated with reduced cardiovascular risk, but the underlying mechanism(s) are not fully understood. This study investigated the effects of a 6-month course of HRT on cardiac autonomic function parameters assessed by heart rate variability (HRV) in postmenopausal women.
methodsForty-six healthy postmenopausal women (age 48 +/- 5, range 40-60) with normal baseline electrocardiogram and negative exercise testing were enrolled. HRT, which was either 0.625 mg/day conjugated equine estrogen (CEE) plus 2.5 mg/day medroxyprogesterone acetate or 0.625 mg/day CEE alone were administered depending on hysterectomy status. Power spectral analysis of HRV was performed to calculate the low frequency component in absolute (LF) and normalized units (LF nu), high frequency component in absolute (HF), and normalized units (HF nu), and the LF/HF ratio. The standard deviation of RR intervals (SDNN) was calculated from the time series of RR intervals.
resultsA 6-month course of HRT did not significantly alter resting heart rate (P > 0.05). The LF/HF ratio and LF nu significantly decreased after HRT (P = 0.022 and P = 0.032), whereas a significant increase was noted in the HF component of HRV (P = 0.043), indicating an improvement in cardiac autonomic function. The SDNN value, which was 28.8 +/- 11.8 ms before HRT significantly increased to 35.4 +/- 16.7 ms after 6 months (P = 0.011).
conclusionOur results indicate that a 6-month course of HRT may significantly improve cardiac autonomic function parameters, a finding that could at least partly explain the potential cardioprotective effect(s) of HRT.
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