ArticleJournal of clinical pathology2001
p21(waf) correlates with DNA replication but not with prognosis in invasive breast cancer.
Article in Journal of clinical pathology, 2001. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- The value of FATS expression in predicting sensitivity to radiotherapy in breast cancer.Oncotarget · 2017Article
- Article
- Genetic polymorphisms of p21 and risk of second primary malignancy in patients with index squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.Carcinogenesis · 2010Article
- Survivin is an independent predictor of short-term survival in poor prognostic breast cancer patients.British journal of cancer · 2007Article
- Lymph node status as a guide to selection of available prognostic markers in breast cancer: the clinical practice of the future?Diagnostic pathology · 2006Article
- Cell cycle related proteins in hyperplasia of usual type in breast specimens of patients with and without breast cancer.BMC cell biology · 2006Article
- Measuring proliferation in breast cancer: practicalities and applications.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2006Review
- Biomolecular features of clinical relevance in breast cancer.European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2004Review
- p21WAF1 expression in invasive breast cancer and its association with p53, AP-2, cell proliferation, and prognosis.Journal of clinical pathology · 2003Article
- Cytoplasmic p21WAF1/CIP1 expression is correlated with HER-2/ neu in breast cancer and is an independent predictor of prognosis.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2003Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
aimsp21(waf) plays a central role both in the regulation of the cell cycle and in DNA replication. Accordingly, p21(waf) is a putative tumour suppressor. The role of p21(waf) expression in breast cancer is still unclear, particularly with respect to the clinical situation. Therefore, this retrospective study was designed to investigate the value of immunohistochemically detected p21(waf) expression in invasive breast cancer.
methodsCellular expression of p21(waf) was assessed in 307 breast cancer tissues by immunohistochemistry using the monoclonal antibody, clone 4D10. The data were correlated to established and functional factors of prognosis (age, menopausal status, tumour size, nodal status, tumour grade, receptor status, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression, Her-2/neu expression, and p53 expression), and to clinical follow up (median observation time, 82 months).
resultsNinety nine of 307 (32.2%) tumour tissues were considered p21(waf) positive (nuclear staining). In the entire study group, p21(waf) expression correlated only with increased PCNA expression (chi(2) test: p = 0.029), and with none of the other investigated markers. In node negative patients (n = 134), p21(waf) expression correlated with increased tumour size and increased PCNA expression, whereas the node positive subgroup (n = 161) showed no correlation with these parameters (lymphonodectomy was done in 295 women). With respect to clinical outcome, p21(waf) expression showed a definite favourable trend in both subgroups (N0: p21(waf) negative, 23 of 87; p21(waf) positive, nine of 43. N+: p21(waf) negative, 63 of 107; p21(waf) positive, 23 of 52), but this observation was not significant (p > 0.05). Multivariate analysis for disease free survival as indicated by Cox regression analysis included all factors investigated. The most striking parameters were nodal status (relative risk (RR), 1.74; p = 0.00001), receptor status (RR, 0.59; p = 0.0085), tumour size (RR, 1.42; p = 0.02), and Her2/neu expression (RR, 1.56; p = 0.033). p21(waf) expression was not significant in the multivariate analysis (p > 0.05).
conclusionsp21(waf) expression is an independent factor but fails to be of prognostic or predictive value in multivariate analysis. These data confirm the hypothesis of a p53 independent p21(waf) induction and suggest a functional role in the inhibition of PCNA mediated DNA replication.
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