ReviewAmerican journal of public health2001
Investigating neighborhood and area effects on health.
Review in American journal of public health, 2001. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00005505 (Neighborhood Environments and Cardiovascular Disease), which is not on this map. Cited by 716 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neighborhood Environments and Cardiovascular Disease
Who cites it
716 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Relationships Between Living in Ethnic Enclaves and Cancer Outcomes: A Systematic Review of Literature.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Pooled it
- Are Area-Level Socioeconomic Factors Associated with Dental Caries and Tooth Loss? A Systematic Review.Caries research · 2025Pooled it
- Methodologic Strategies for Quantifying Associations of Historical and Contemporary Mortgage Discrimination on Population Health Equity: A Systematic Review.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Pooled it
- A systematic review of geographic indices of disadvantage with implications for older adults.JCI insight · 2021Pooled it
- An Ecologic Model for Identifying Coping Resources to Manage Psychological Distress Among Spanish-Speaking Latina Women Newly Diagnosed With Breast Cancer.Oncology nursing forum · 2022Trial
- Dementia incidence across countries: a sex-specific ecological analysis of cancer incidence.Future science OA · 2026Article
- An address-based geospatial linkage workflow for assigning New Zealand Index of Deprivation measures across census years, 1991-2023.MethodsX · 2026Article
- After the Maps: Assessing Longitudinal Neighborhood Change After Historical Redlining with Present-Day Breast Cancer Survival.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2026Article
- Non-Physician Areas in Japan: Typological Classification Based on Regional Demographic Characteristics.JMIR formative research · 2026Article
- "Kinlessness", friend and family support, and cognitive function by region and urbanicity in the United States.Health & place · 2026Article
- Cardiovascular health among young adults: Do childhood neighborhoods matter?SSM - population health · 2026Article
- Neighborhood-level socioeconomic position and mortality among children born with critical congenital heart defects.American journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Disparities in practice: implementation of health promotion policies in 2883 Hungarian schools with a focus on small-sized institutions.European journal of public health · 2026Article
- Individual Socioeconomic Measures and Change in HoNOS Scores among Persons Attending Adult Community Mental Health Services.Community mental health journal · 2026Article
- Spatial heterogeneity in area-level environmental context of hospital-based congenital structural anomaly burden in Southwest China: a retrospective study from a provincial pediatric referral center.World journal of pediatrics : WJP · 2026Article
- Within- and between-study site variations in ambient air pollution exposure at ages 9-10 years in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study.Environmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2026Article
- Spatial assessment of Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) infrastructure, groundwater quality, and their association with childhood diarrhoeal risk in India.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Examining the interaction between area-level immunity coverage and individual-level immunity to help quantify indirect herd benefits: a population-based retrospective cohort study of COVID-19 diagnoses and deaths.American journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- The impact of neighbourhood material and social disadvantage on respiratory health across Canada.The European respiratory journal · 2026Article
- Environmental moderators of neighbourhood socioeconomic inequalities in mental health: a systematic review protocol.Systematic reviews · 2026Article
656 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
Abstract
The past few years have witnessed an explosion of interest in neighborhood or area effects on health. Several types of empiric studies have been used to examine possible area or neighborhood effects, including ecologic studies relating area characteristics to morbidity and mortality rates, contextual and multilevel analyses relating area socioeconomic context to health outcomes, and studies comparing small numbers of well-defined neighborhoods. Strengthening inferences regarding the presence and magnitude of neighborhood effects will require addressing a series of conceptual and methodological issues. Many of these issues relate to the need to develop theory and specific hypotheses on the processes through which neighborhood and individual factors may jointly influence specific health outcomes. Important challenges include defining neighborhoods or relevant geographic areas, identifying significant area or neighborhood characteristics, specifying the role of individual-level variables, incorporating life-course and longitudinal dimensions, combining a variety of research designs, and avoiding reductionism in the way in which "neighborhood" factors are incorporated into models of disease causation and quantitative analyses.analyses.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.