ArticleMolecular and cellular biology2001
Stress-specific activation and repression of heat shock factors 1 and 2.
Article in Molecular and cellular biology, 2001. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers.
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Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed.
- Heat shock transcription factors in development and disease.Disease models & mechanisms · 2026Review
- The Function of Heat Shock Transcription Factors in Sex Differentiation inAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Effects of 5G-modulated 3.5 GHz radiofrequency field exposures on HSF1, RAS, ERK, and PML activation in live fibroblasts and keratinocytes cells.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Combined Assay of rDNA and SatIII Copy Numbers as an Individual Profile of Stress Resistance, Longevity, Fertility and Disease Predisposition.Journal of personalized medicine · 2022Review
- HSF2 cooperates with HSF1 to drive a transcriptional program critical for the malignant state.Science advances · 2022Article
- Review
- Augmentation of the heat shock axis during exceptional longevity in Ames dwarf mice.GeroScience · 2021Article
- Effects of radiofrequency field exposure on proteotoxic-induced and heat-induced HSF1 response in live cells using the bioluminescence resonance energy transfer technique.Cell stress & chaperones · 2021Article
- Vimentin protects differentiating stem cells from stress.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Tissue-selective regulation of protein homeostasis and unfolded protein response signalling in sporadic ALS.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2020Article
- α-Lipoic acid prevents the intestinal epithelial monolayer damage under heat stress conditions: model experiments in Caco-2 cells.European journal of nutrition · 2018Article
- Formaldehyde Is a Potent Proteotoxic Stressor Causing Rapid Heat Shock Transcription Factor 1 Activation and Lys48-Linked Polyubiquitination of Proteins.The American journal of pathology · 2016Article
- Basal and stress-inducible expression of HSPA6 in human keratinocytes is regulated by negative and positive promoter regions.Cell stress & chaperones · 2015Article
- HSF1 deficiency and impaired HSP90-dependent protein folding are hallmarks of aneuploid human cells.The EMBO journal · 2014Article
- Heat shock factor 2 is a stress-responsive mediator of neuronal migration defects in models of fetal alcohol syndrome.EMBO molecular medicine · 2014Article
- The proteasome inhibitor bortezomib is a potent inducer of zinc finger AN1-type domain 2a gene expression: role of heat shock factor 1 (HSF1)-heat shock factor 2 (HSF2) heterocomplexes.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2014Article
- Compound A, a selective glucocorticoid receptor modulator, enhances heat shock protein Hsp70 gene promoter activation.PloS one · 2013Article
- Article
- OsHsfA2c and OsHsfB4b are involved in the transcriptional regulation of cytoplasmic OsClpB (Hsp100) gene in rice (Oryza sativa L.).Cell stress & chaperones · 2012Article
- Heat shock factor 2 is required for maintaining proteostasis against febrile-range thermal stress and polyglutamine aggregation.Molecular biology of the cell · 2011Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Vertebrate cells express a family of heat shock transcription factors (HSF1 to HSF4) that coordinate the inducible regulation of heat shock genes in response to diverse signals. HSF1 is potent and activated rapidly though transiently by heat shock, whereas HSF2 is a less active transcriptional regulator but can retain its DNA binding properties for extended periods. Consequently, the differential activation of HSF1 and HSF2 by various stresses may be critical for cells to survive repeated and diverse stress challenges and to provide a mechanism for more precise regulation of heat shock gene expression. Here we show, using a novel DNA binding and detection assay, that HSF1 and HSF2 are coactivated to different levels in response to a range of conditions that cause cell stress. Above a low basal activity of both HSFs, heat shock preferentially activates HSF1, whereas the amino acid analogue azetidine or the proteasome inhibitor MG132 coactivates both HSFs to different levels and hemin preferentially induces HSF2. Unexpectedly, we also found that heat shock has dramatic adverse effects on HSF2 that lead to its reversible inactivation coincident with relocalization from the nucleus. The reversible inactivation of HSF2 is specific to heat shock and does not occur with other stressors or in cells expressing high levels of heat shock proteins. These results reveal that HSF2 activity is negatively regulated by heat and suggest a role for heat shock proteins in the positive regulation of HSF2.
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