ArticleJournal of clinical microbiology2001
Widespread occurrence of Pneumocystis carinii in commercial rat colonies detected using targeted PCR and oral swabs.
Article in Journal of clinical microbiology, 2001. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
- Detection and Remediation of Pneumocystis murina Infections by Environmental Health Monitoring.Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS · 2025Article
- Evolving spectrum of Pneumocystis host specificity, genetic diversity, and evolution.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2025Review
- Interstitial pneumonia in immunocompetent laboratory rats caused by natural infection with Pneumocystis carinii.Experimental animals · 2022Article
- PCR and RT-PCR in the Diagnosis of Laboratory Animal Infections and in Health Monitoring.Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS · 2020Article
- Histopathology ofExperimental and therapeutic medicine · 2014Article
- Detection of Pneumocystis in the nasal swabs of immune-suppressed rats by use of PCR and microscopy.Medical science monitor basic research · 2013Article
- Microbial antigenic variation mediated by homologous DNA recombination.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2012Review
- Chitinases in Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.Medical microbiology and immunology · 2012Article
- Colonization by Pneumocystis jirovecii and its role in disease.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2012Review
- The state of research for AIDS-associated opportunistic infections and the importance of sustaining smaller research communities.Eukaryotic cell · 2012Article
- Pneumocystis carinii infection causes lung lesions historically attributed to rat respiratory virus.Comparative medicine · 2011Article
- Are members of the fungal genus pneumocystis (a) commensals; (b) opportunists; (c) pathogens; or (d) all of the above?PLoS pathogens · 2010Article
- Complexity of the MSG gene family of Pneumocystis carinii.BMC genomics · 2009Article
- Pneumocystis murina colonization in immunocompetent surfactant protein A deficient mice following environmental exposure.Respiratory research · 2009Article
- Biofilm formation by Pneumocystis spp.Eukaryotic cell · 2009Article
- Pneumocystis murina MSG gene family and the structure of the locus associated with its transcription.Fungal genetics and biology : FG & B · 2007Article
- Transcriptome of Pneumocystis carinii during fulminate infection: carbohydrate metabolism and the concept of a compatible parasite.PloS one · 2007Article
- Noninvasive method for monitoring Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.Emerging infectious diseases · 2003Article
- Genotypes at the internal transcribed spacers of the nuclear rRNA operon of Pneumocystis jiroveci in nonimmunosuppressed infants without severe pneumonia.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2003Article
- Diversity at the locus associated with transcription of a variable surface antigen of Pneumocystis carinii as an index of population structure and dynamics in infected rats.Infection and immunity · 2003Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The genus Pneumocystis contains a family of fungal organisms that infect a wide variety of mammalian species. Although it is a cause of pneumonia in immunocompromised hosts, recent evidence suggests that these organisms colonize nonimmunosuppressed hosts. Detection of cryptic colonization with Pneumocystis becomes important in animal studies when infection-free animals are necessary. Provocation by chronic immunosuppression, histology, and serology has been widely used to detect the presence of Pneumocystis in rat colonies, requiring lengthy time periods and/or postmortem tissue. We conducted a study to evaluate the use of PCR amplification of oral swabs for the antemortem detection of Pneumocystis in 12 rat groups from three commercial vendors. Sera were collected upon arrival, and the oral cavity was swabbed for PCR analysis. Ten of these groups of rats were then housed in pairs under barrier and immunosuppressed to provoke Pneumocystis growth. Once moribund, the rats were sacrificed, and the lungs were collected to evaluate the presence of Pneumocystis by PCR and microscopic enumeration. DNA was extracted from oral swabs and lung homogenates, and PCR was performed using primers targeting a region within the mitochondrial large-subunit rRNA of Pneumocystis carinii f. sp. carinii. Upon receipt, 64% of rats were positive for P. carinii f. sp. carinii-specific antibodies, while P. carinii f. sp. carinii DNA was amplified from 98% of oral swabs. Postmortem PCR analysis of individual lungs revealed P. carinii f. sp. carinii DNA in all rat lungs, illustrating widespread occurrence of Pneumocystis in commercial rat colonies. Thus, oral swab/PCR is a rapid, nonlethal, and sensitive method for the assessment of Pneumocystis exposure.
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