ArticleApplied and environmental microbiology2001
Transmission to eels, portals of entry, and putative reservoirs of Vibrio vulnificus serovar E (biotype 2).
Article in Applied and environmental microbiology, 2001. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 73 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Fluorogenic Biosensor for Direct Detection of Vibrio vulnificus, a Climate Change Biomarker.MicrobiologyOpen · 2026Article
- Elevated temperature exacerbates red sore disease caused byFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Spatio-genetically coordinated TPR domain-containing proteins modulate c-di-GMP signaling in Vibrio vulnificus.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Isolation ofMicroorganisms · 2024Article
- Article
- Vibrio vulnificus, an Underestimated Zoonotic Pathogen.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2023Review
- A Transcriptomic Study Reveals That Fish Vibriosis Due to the Zoonotic PathogenFrontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Phylogeny ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2017Article
- The cabABC Operon Essential for Biofilm and Rugose Colony Development in Vibrio vulnificus.PLoS pathogens · 2015Article
- An Enriched European Eel Transcriptome Sheds Light upon Host-Pathogen Interactions with Vibrio vulnificus.PloS one · 2015Article
- Article
- Chitin-induced carbotype conversion in Vibrio vulnificus.Infection and immunity · 2011Article
- Polyphyletic origin of Vibrio vulnificus biotype 2 as revealed by sequence-based analysis.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2011Article
- Identification of a c-di-GMP-regulated polysaccharide locus governing stress resistance and biofilm and rugose colony formation in Vibrio vulnificus.Infection and immunity · 2010Article
- Spontaneous quinolone resistance in the zoonotic serovar of Vibrio vulnificus.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2009Article
- Cyclic-di-GMP regulates extracellular polysaccharide production, biofilm formation, and rugose colony development by Vibrio vulnificus.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2008Article
- Vibrio vulnificus biotype 2 serovar E gne but not galE is essential for lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis and virulence.Infection and immunity · 2008Article
- High-frequency phase variation of Vibrio vulnificus 1003: isolation and characterization of a rugose phenotypic variant.Journal of bacteriology · 2005Article
- Expression of Vibrio vulnificus capsular polysaccharide inhibits biofilm formation.Journal of bacteriology · 2004Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Vibrio vulnificus serovar E (formerly biotype 2) is the etiologic agent that is responsible for the main infectious disease affecting farmed eels. Although the pathogen can theoretically use water as a vehicle for disease transmission, it has not been isolated from tank water during epizootics to date. In this work, the mode of transmission of the disease to healthy eels, the portals of entry of the pathogen into fish, and their putative reservoirs have been investigated by means of laboratory and field experiments. Results of the experiments of direct and indirect host-to-host transmission, patch contact challenges, and oral-anal intubations suggest that water is the prime vehicle for disease transmission and that gills are the main portals of entry into the eel body. The pathogen mixed with food can also come into the fish through the gastrointestinal tract and develop the disease. These conclusions were supported by field data obtained during a natural outbreak in which we were able to isolate this microorganism from tank water for the first time. The examination of some survivors from experimental infections by indirect immunofluorescence and scanning electron microscopy showed that V. vulnificus serovar E formed a biofilm-like structure on the eel skin surface. In vitro assays demonstrated that the ability of the pathogen to colonize both hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces was inhibited by glucose. The capacity to form biofilms on eel surface could constitute a strategy for surviving between epizootics or outbreaks, and coated survivors could act as reservoirs for the disease.
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