ArticleApplied and environmental microbiology2001
Putative virulence factor expression by clinical and food isolates of Bacillus spp. after growth in reconstituted infant milk formulae.
Article in Applied and environmental microbiology, 2001. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 124 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Distinct effects of mucin on phage-host interactions in model systems of beneficial and pathogenic bacteria.Archives of virology · 2025Article
- Development of a simple screening method for analyzing cereulide toxin in fried rice using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.Forensic toxicology · 2024Article
- 1,3,5-Triazine: Recent Development in Synthesis of its Analogs and Biological Profile.Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry · 2024Review
- Biological Characterization and Whole-Genome Analysis ofMicroorganisms · 2023Article
- Postbiotics: Current Trends in Food and Pharmaceutical Industry.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Special Issue "Enterococci for Probiotic Use: Safety and Risk": Editorial.Microorganisms · 2022Article
- Preventive Effect of a Postbiotic and Prebiotic Mixture in a Rat Model of Early Life Rotavirus Induced-Diarrhea.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Probiotics, Photobiomodulation, and Disease Management: Controversies and Challenges.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Identification and in vitro evaluation of probiotic attributes of lactic acid bacteria isolated from fermented food sources.Archives of microbiology · 2021Article
- Safety Assessment ofNutrients · 2021Article
- Interaction between the probioticIranian journal of microbiology · 2021Article
- The Food Poisoning Toxins ofToxins · 2021Review
- Food-Associated Stress Primes Foodborne Pathogens for the Gastrointestinal Phase of Infection.Frontiers in microbiology · 2018Review
- Farm level survey of spore-forming bacteria on four dairy farms in the Waikato region of New Zealand.MicrobiologyOpen · 2017Article
- The effects of probiotic Bacillus subtilis on the cytotoxicity of Clostridium perfringens type a in Caco-2 cell culture.BMC microbiology · 2017Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Forty-seven strains representing 14 different Bacillus species isolated from clinical and food samples were grown in reconstituted infant milk formulae (IMF) and subsequently assessed for adherence to, invasion of, and cytotoxicity toward HEp-2 and Caco-2 cells. Cell-free supernatant fluids from 38 strains (81%) were shown to be cytotoxic, 43 strains (91%) adhered to the test cell lines, and 23 strains (49%) demonstrated various levels of invasion. Of the 21 Bacillus cereus strains examined, 5 (24%) were invasive. A larger percentage of clinically derived Bacillus species (20%) than of similar species tested from the food environment were invasive. Increased invasion occurred after growth of selected Bacillus species in reconstituted IMF containing glucose. While PCR primer studies revealed that many different Bacillus species contained DNA sequences encoding the hemolysin BL (HBL) enterotoxin complex and B. cereus enterotoxin T, not all of these isolates expressed these diarrheagenic genes after growth in reconstituted IMF. Of the 47 Bacillus isolates examined, 3 isolates of B. cereus and 1 isolate of B. subtilis produced the HBL enterotoxin after 18 h of growth in brain heart infusion broth. However, eight isolates belonging to the species B. cereus, B. licheniformis, B. circulans, and B. megaterium were found to produce this enterotoxin after growth in reconstituted IMF when assessed with the B. cereus enterotoxin (diarrheal type) reversed passive latex agglutination (RPLA) kit. It is concluded that several Bacillus species occurring occasionally in clinical specimens and food samples are of potential medical significance due to the expression of putative virulence factors.
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Registered trials
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