ArticleInfection and immunity2001
Laccase of Cryptococcus neoformans is a cell wall-associated virulence factor.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2001. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 81 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
81 citing papers in PubMed, 190 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immune Modulation and Evasion byACS omega · 2026Review
- Melanin and Neuromelanin in Humans: Insights Across Health, Aging, Diseases, and Unexpected Aspects of Fungal Melanogenesis.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- A Chimeric ORF Fusion Phenotypic Reporter forJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Investigation of the influence of pH and temperature on melanization and survival under oxidative stress in Cryptococcus neoformans.Archives of microbiology · 2024Article
- Measuring Laccase Activity and Melanin Production in Cryptococcus neoformans.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2024Article
- Cell Wall Integrity Pathway Involved in Morphogenesis, Virulence and Antifungal Susceptibility inJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Treatment strategies for cryptococcal infection: challenges, advances and future outlook.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2021Review
- Liposomal Ellagic Acid Alleviates Cyclophosphamide-Induced Toxicity and Eliminates the SystemicPharmaceutics · 2021Article
- Mechanisms of fungal dissemination.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2021Review
- Article
- Melanin as a Virulence Factor in Different Species of GenusJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Solid-state NMR spectroscopy identifies three classes of lipids inThe Journal of biological chemistry · 2020Article
- Role of the ESCRT Pathway in Laccase Trafficking and Virulence of Cryptococcus neoformans.Infection and immunity · 2020Article
- Benzothiourea Derivatives Target the Secretory Pathway of the Human Fungal PathogenACS infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Manganese (II) removal from aqueous solutions byBiotechnology reports (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2020Article
- Laccase Properties, Physiological Functions, and Evolution.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Pathogen and host genetics underpinning cryptococcal disease.Advances in genetics · 2020Review
- Reduced phagocytosis and killing of Cryptococcus neoformans biofilm-derived cells by J774.16 macrophages is associated with fungal capsular production and surface modification.Fungal genetics and biology : FG & B · 2019Article
- The structural unit of melanin in the cell wall of the fungal pathogenThe Journal of biological chemistry · 2019Article
- Conserved Autophagy Pathway Contributes to Stress Tolerance and Virulence and Differentially Controls Autophagic Flux Upon Nutrient Starvation inFrontiers in microbiology · 2019Article
21 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Virulence is the outcome of an interaction between the host and a microbe and is characterized by a large array of opposing reactions operating at the host-pathogen interface. Cryptococcus neoformans is an important opportunistic pathogen in immunocompromised patients, including those with human immunodeficiency virus, and expresses a virulence-associated laccase which is believed to oxidize brain catecholamines and iron as a defense against host immune cells. In the present report, we investigated the cellular location of laccase to understand more fully how it contributes to cryptococcal virulence. A monoclonal antibody to the C. neoformans laccase was generated and used to show localization in the cell walls of representative serotype A (H99) and serotype D (B-3501) strains by immunoelectron microscopy. In addition, confocal microscopy was used to show a peripheral location of green fluorescent protein-tagged laccase expressed in live H99 cells. Biochemical studies showed that laccase could be released from intact cells or cell wall fractions with glucanase enzymes but was retained in the cell wall after sequential extraction with 1 M NaCl, 6 M urea, and 1% sodium dodecyl sulfate. The presence of a hydrolyzable bond linking laccase to the cell wall was suggested by removal of laccase from cell wall preparations after they were boiled in 1% sodium dodecyl sulfate, as was the presence of a disulfide or thioester bond by removal with dithiothreitol or beta-mercaptoethanol. These data show that laccase is present as a tightly associated cell wall enzyme that is readily accessible for interactions with host immune cells.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.