ArticleRNA (New York, N.Y.)2001
Structural features in the HIV-1 repeat region facilitate strand transfer during reverse transcription.
Article in RNA (New York, N.Y.), 2001. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers.
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Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed.
- Effect of TAR hairpin stabilization on HIV-1 reverse transcription.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Structures of complete HIV-1 TAR RNA portray a dynamic platform poised for protein binding and structural remodeling.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Transcription start site heterogeneity and its role in RNA fate determination distinguish HIV-1 from other retroviruses and are mediated by core promoter elements.Journal of virology · 2023Article
- Transcription start site heterogeneity and its role in RNA fate determination distinguish HIV-1 from other retroviruses and are mediated by core promoter elements.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Identification of Novel Nucleocapsid Chimeric Proteins Inhibiting HIV-1 Replication.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- NMR Studies of Retroviral Genome Packaging.Viruses · 2020Review
- Retroviral nucleocapsid proteins and DNA strand transfers.Biochimie open · 2018Review
- Template-primer binding affinity and RNase H cleavage specificity contribute to the strand transfer efficiency of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2018Article
- A Sequence-Dependent DNA Condensation Induced by Prion Protein.Journal of nucleic acids · 2018Article
- HIV-1 sequences in the epidemic suggest an alternative pathway for the generation of the Long Terminal Repeats.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Pausing kinetics dominates strand-displacement polymerization by reverse transcriptase.Nucleic acids research · 2017Article
- Review
- NMR detection of intermolecular interaction sites in the dimeric 5'-leader of the HIV-1 genome.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2016Article
- Insights into the mechanisms of RNA secondary structure destabilization by the HIV-1 nucleocapsid protein.RNA (New York, N.Y.) · 2016Article
- Structural Insights into the HIV-1 Minus-strand Strong-stop DNA.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2016Article
- Fate of HIV-1 cDNA intermediates during reverse transcription is dictated by transcription initiation site of virus genomic RNA.Scientific reports · 2015Article
- Conserved determinants of lentiviral genome dimerization.Retrovirology · 2015Article
- Targeting the HIV RNA genome: high-hanging fruit only needs a longer ladder.Current topics in microbiology and immunology · 2015Review
- Single-molecule FRET studies of HIV TAR-DNA hairpin unfolding dynamics.The journal of physical chemistry. B · 2014Article
- Similarities and differences in the nucleic acid chaperone activity of HIV-2 and HIV-1 nucleocapsid proteins in vitro.Retrovirology · 2014Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Two obligatory DNA strand transfers take place during reverse transcription of a retroviral RNA genome. The first strand transfer is facilitated by terminal repeat (R) elements in the viral genome. This strand-transfer reaction depends on base pairing between the cDNA of the 5'R and the 3'R. There is accumulating evidence that retroviral R regions contain features other than sequence complementarity that stimulate this critical nucleic acid hybridization step. The R region of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is relatively extended (97 nt) and encodes two well-conserved stem-loop structures, the TAR and poly(A) hairpins. The role of these motifs was studied in an in vitro strand-transfer assay with two separate templates, the 5'R donor and the 3'R acceptor, and mutants thereof. The results indicate that the upper part of the TAR hairpin structure in the 5'R donor is critical for efficient strand transfer. This seems to pose a paradox, as the 5'R template is degraded by RNase H before strand transfer occurs. We propose that it is not the RNA hairpin motif in the 5'R donor, but rather the antisense motif in the ssDNA copy, which can also fold a hairpin structure, that is critical for strand transfer. Mutation of the loop sequence in the TAR hairpin of the donor RNA, which is copied in the loop of the cDNA hairpin, reduces the transfer efficiency more than fivefold. It is proposed that the natural strand-transfer reaction is enhanced by interaction of the anti-TAR ssDNA hairpin with the TAR hairpin in the 3'R acceptor. Base pairing can occur between the complementary loops ("loop-loop kissing"), and strand transfer is completed by the subsequent formation of an extended RNA-cDNA duplex.
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