ArticleBritish journal of cancer2001
South Asian ethnicity and material deprivation increase the risk of Epstein-Barr virus infection in childhood Hodgkin's disease.
Article in British journal of cancer, 2001. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Childhood cancer incidence among specific Asian and Pacific Islander populations in the United States.International journal of cancer · 2020Article
- Co-Expression of the Epstein-Barr Virus-Encoded Latent Membrane Proteins and the Pathogenesis of Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma.Cancers · 2018Review
- Contribution of Epstein⁻Barr Virus Latent Proteins to the Pathogenesis of Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2018Review
- Childhood cancer incidence by ethnic group in England, 2001-2007: a descriptive epidemiological study.BMC cancer · 2017Article
- Epstein- Barr Virus: Clinical and Epidemiological Revisits and Genetic Basis of Oncogenesis.The open virology journal · 2015Article
- Epstein-Barr virus, the germinal centre and the development of Hodgkin's lymphoma.The Journal of general virology · 2014Article
- Article
- Clinical, molecular, and environmental risk factors for hodgkin lymphoma.Advances in hematology · 2011Article
- Contribution of the Epstein Barr virus to the molecular pathogenesis of Hodgkin lymphoma.Journal of clinical pathology · 2007Review
- Cancer incidence in the south Asian population of California, 1988-2000.Journal of carcinogenesis · 2005Article
- Seasonal differences in the onset of the EBV-positive and -negative forms of paediatric Hodgkin's lymphoma.British journal of cancer · 2003Article
- Review
- Epidemiology of Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2003Review
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In order to further define the factors associated with the observed variations in the Epstein-Barr virus-positive rate in childhood Hodgkin's disease, we have studied the effect of material deprivation (measured by the Townsend score) and ethnic origin on the frequency of Epstein-Barr virus-positivity in 55 cases of childhood Hodgkin's disease, diagnosed between 1981 and 1999, from a multi-ethnic region of the United Kingdom. Epstein-Barr virus status was determined by immunohistochemistry for the Epstein-Barr virus-encoded latent membrane protein-1. 62% of cases were Epstein-Barr virus-positive. Ethnic group was the strongest predictor of Epstein-Barr virus-positivity, with South Asians having a more than 20-fold risk of being Epstein-Barr virus-positive compared with non-South Asians. An increased risk was still present after adjusting for deprivation. Townsend scores were significantly higher (indicating more deprivation) in the Epstein-Barr virus-positive group, particularly in males. The relative risk of Epstein-Barr virus-positivity showed a gradient with increasing Townsend score; the risk being 7-times higher in the most deprived quartile compared with the least deprived group. Although the association between Townsend score and Epstein-Barr virus-positivity was reduced after adjusting for ethnic group, the risk of Epstein-Barr virus-positivity was still 3-times higher in the most deprived compared with the least deprived quartile. In addition, cases having 2 or more siblings were 5-times as likely to be Epstein-Barr virus-positive as those from smaller families. These results provide the first evidence of a strong association between Epstein-Barr virus-positive Hodgkin's disease and South Asian children from the United Kingdom. In addition, deprivation may increase the likelihood of Epstein-Barr virus-positive disease independently of ethnicity.
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