ArticleMolecular and cellular biology2001
Promoter clearance by RNA polymerase II is an extended, multistep process strongly affected by sequence.
Article in Molecular and cellular biology, 2001. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- The capping enzyme facilitates promoter escape and assembly of a follow-on preinitiation complex for reinitiation.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2019Article
- Gdown1 Associates Efficiently with RNA Polymerase II after Promoter Clearance and Displaces TFIIF during Transcript Elongation.PloS one · 2016Article
- Core promoters in transcription: old problem, new insights.Trends in biochemical sciences · 2015Review
- A novel, non-radioactive eukaryotic in vitro transcription assay for sensitive quantification of RNA polymerase II activity.BMC molecular biology · 2014Article
- The Spt4-Spt5 complex: a multi-faceted regulator of transcription elongation.Biochimica et biophysica acta · 2013Review
- Promoter clearance by RNA polymerase II.Biochimica et biophysica acta · 2013Review
- Defining the status of RNA polymerase at promoters.Cell reports · 2012Article
- Curaxins: anticancer compounds that simultaneously suppress NF-κB and activate p53 by targeting FACT.Science translational medicine · 2011Article
- Shaping the Genome with Non-Coding RNAs.Current genomics · 2011Article
- Global analysis of short RNAs reveals widespread promoter-proximal stalling and arrest of Pol II in Drosophila.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2010Article
- Millisecond phase kinetic analysis of elongation catalyzed by human, yeast, and Escherichia coli RNA polymerase.Methods (San Diego, Calif.) · 2009Article
- Tiny RNAs associated with transcription start sites in animals.Nature genetics · 2009Article
- Transcription regulation through promoter-proximal pausing of RNA polymerase II.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2008Article
- Initial transcribed sequence mutations specifically affect promoter escape properties.Biochemistry · 2006Article
- An 8 nt RNA triggers a rate-limiting shift of RNA polymerase II complexes into elongation.The EMBO journal · 2006Article
- Identification and characterization of Elf1, a conserved transcription elongation factor in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.Molecular and cellular biology · 2005Article
- A negative elongation factor for human RNA polymerase II inhibits the anti-arrest transcript-cleavage factor TFIIS.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2005Article
- Evidence that the elongation factor TFIIS plays a role in transcription initiation at GAL1 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.Molecular and cellular biology · 2005Article
- TFIIH operates through an expanded proximal promoter to fine-tune c-myc expression.Molecular and cellular biology · 2005Article
- Functional interaction between TFIIB and the Rpb2 subunit of RNA polymerase II: implications for the mechanism of transcription initiation.Molecular and cellular biology · 2004Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
We have characterized RNA polymerase II complexes halted from +16 to +49 on two templates which differ in the initial 20 nucleotides (nt) of the transcribed region. On a template with a purine-rich initial transcript, most complexes halted between +20 and +32 become arrested and cannot resume RNA synthesis without the SII elongation factor. These arrested complexes all translocate upstream to the same location, such that about 12 to 13 bases of RNA remain in each of the complexes after SII-mediated transcript cleavage. Much less arrest is observed over this same region with a second template in which the initially transcribed region is pyrimidine rich, but those complexes which do arrest on the second template also translocate upstream to the same location observed with the first template. Complexes stalled at +16 to +18 on either template do not become arrested. Complexes stalled at several locations downstream of +35 become partially arrested, but these more promoter-distal arrested complexes translocate upstream by less than 10 nt; that is, they do not translocate to a common, far-upstream location. Kinetic studies with nonlimiting levels of nucleoside triphosphates reveal strong pausing between +20 and +30 on both templates. These results indicate that promoter clearance by RNA polymerase II is at least a two-step process: a preclearance escape phase extending up to about +18 followed by an unstable clearance phase which extends over the formation of 9 to 17 more bonds. Polymerases halted during the clearance phase translocate upstream to the preclearance location and arrest in at least one sequence context.
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