ArticleJournal of virology2001
Occurrence of genetic drift and founder effect during quasispecies evolution of the VP2 and NS3/NS3A genes of bluetongue virus upon passage between sheep, cattle, and Culicoides sonorensis.
Article in Journal of virology, 2001. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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34 citing papers in PubMed, 103 citations in OpenAlex.
- Molecular evolution and antigenic stability of ibaraki virus: evidence for regional circulation from a South Korean whole-genome analysis.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Glycosylated NS3/NS3A protein of bluetongue virus facilitates efficient viral egress via lipid raft anchoring.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Genomic Characteristics of a Novel Recombinant Bluetongue Virus Serotype 1 in Yunnan, China.Veterinary sciences · 2025Article
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- Increased Virulence ofViruses · 2024Article
- Characterization of two novel reassortant bluetongue virus serotype 1 strains isolated from farmed white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in Florida, USA.Virus genes · 2023Article
- Widespread Reassortment Contributes to Antigenic Shift in Bluetongue Viruses from South Africa.Viruses · 2023Article
- Putative Novel Atypical BTV Serotype '36' Identified in Small Ruminants in Switzerland.Viruses · 2021Article
- Pervasive transmission of E484K and emergence of VUI-NP13L with evidence of SARS-CoV-2 co-infection events by two different lineages in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.Virus research · 2021Article
- In Vitro Reassortment between Endemic Bluetongue Viruses Features Global Shifts in Segment Frequencies and Preferred Segment Combinations.Microorganisms · 2021Article
- Global emergence and evolutionary dynamics of bluetongue virus.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- An updated review on bluetongue virus: epidemiology, pathobiology, and advances in diagnosis and control with special reference to India.The veterinary quarterly · 2020Review
- The Genetic Diversification of a Single Bluetongue Virus Strain Using an In Vitro Model of Alternating-Host Transmission.Viruses · 2020Review
- Virological, immunological and pathological findings of transplacentally transmitted bluetongue virus serotype 1 in IFNAR1-blocked mice during early and mid gestation.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Ecological Dynamics Impacting Bluetongue Virus Transmission in North America.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2020Review
- Review
- Endless Forms: Within-Host Variation in the Structure of the West Nile Virus RNA Genome during Serial Passage in Bird Hosts.mSphere · 2019Article
- Article
- Widespread Reassortment Shapes the Evolution and Epidemiology of Bluetongue Virus following European Invasion.PLoS pathogens · 2015Article
- Virus and host factors affecting the clinical outcome of bluetongue virus infection.Journal of virology · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Bluetongue virus (BTV) is the cause of an insect-transmitted virus infection of ruminants that occurs throughout much of the world. Individual gene segments differ between field strains of BTV; thus, we hypothesized that key viral genes undergo genetic drift during alternating passage of BTV in its ruminant and insect hosts. To test this hypothesis, variation in the consensus sequence and quasispecies heterogeneity of the VP2 and NS3/NS3A genes of a plaque-purified strain of BTV serotype 10 was determined during alternating infection of vector Culicoides sonorensis and a sheep and calf. Consensus sequences were determined after reverse transcriptase-nested PCR amplification of viral RNA directly from ruminant blood and homogenized insects, and quasispecies heterogeneity was determined by the sequencing of clones derived from directly amplified viral RNA. Comparison of these sequences to those of the original BTV inoculum used to initiate the cycle of BTV infection demonstrated, for the first time, that individual BTV gene segments evolve independently of one another by genetic drift in a host-specific fashion, generating quasispecies populations in both ruminant and insect hosts. Furthermore, a unique viral variant was randomly ingested by C. sonorensis insects that fed on a sheep with low-titer viremia, thereby fixing a novel genotype by founder effect. Thus, we conclude that genetic drift and founder effect contribute to diversification of individual gene segments of field strains of BTV.
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