ArticleBMC cancer2001
Local and distant recurrences in rectal cancer patients are predicted by the nonspecific immune response; specific immune response has only a systemic effect--a histopathological and immunohistochemical study.
Article in BMC cancer, 2001. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06940388 (Total Neoadjuvant Treatment With or Without Tislelizumab for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer), which is not on this map. Cited by 67 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Total Neoadjuvant Treatment With or Without Tislelizumab for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: An Open-label Randomized Controlled Phase II Study (The TOTAL Trial)
Who cites it
67 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 141 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tumour-infiltrating inflammation and prognosis in colorectal cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis.British journal of cancer · 2014Pooled it
- Preoperative NLR for predicting survival rate after radical resection combined with adjuvant immunotherapy with CIK and postoperative chemotherapy in gastric cancer.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2017Trial
- Safety and effects of two mistletoe preparations on production of Interleukin-6 and other immune parameters - a placebo controlled clinical trial in healthy subjects.BMC complementary and alternative medicine · 2011Trial
- pRb2/p130 protein in relation to clinicopathological and biological variables in rectal cancers with a clinical trial of preoperative radiotherapy.International journal of colorectal disease · 2009Trial
- Immune, endocrine, and behavioral precursors to breast cancer recurrence: a case-control analysis.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2008Trial
- Radiation induces different changes in expression profiles of normal rectal tissue compared with rectal carcinoma.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2005Trial
- Eosinophils in solid cancers: sentinels, predictors, and therapeutic allies.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2026Review
- Deep learning-based quantification of eosinophils and lymphocytes shows complementary prognostic effects in colorectal cancer patients.NPJ precision oncology · 2025Article
- Prospective study on the association between 36 human blood cell traits and pan-cancer outcomes: a mendelian randomization analysis.BMC cancer · 2024Article
- Spatial analysis of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in histological sections using deep learning techniques predicts survival in colorectal carcinoma.The journal of pathology. Clinical research · 2022Article
- Prognostic significance of serum inflammation indices for different tumor infiltrative pattern types of gastric cancer.World journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2022Article
- Spatial Organization and Prognostic Significance of NK and NKT-like Cells via Multimarker Analysis of the Colorectal Cancer Microenvironment.Cancer immunology research · 2022Article
- Proposed Models for Prediction of Mortality in Stage-I and Stage-II Gastric Cancer and 5 Years after Radical Gastrectomy.Journal of oncology · 2022Article
- The "Immunoscore" in rectal cancer: could we search quality beyond quantity of life?Oncotarget · 2022Article
- Lymph Node Metastasis-Related Gene ITGA4 Promotes the Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion of Gastric Cancer Cells by Regulating Tumor Immune Microenvironment.Journal of oncology · 2022Article
- The immune microenvironment landscape shows treatment-specific differences in rectal cancer patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- IL-36β promotes anti-tumor effects in CD8Annals of translational medicine · 2021Article
- Association between the preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and tertiary lymphoid structures surrounding tumor in gastric cancer.Molecular and clinical oncology · 2021Article
- Prognostic significance of serum inflammation indexes in different Lauren classification of gastric cancer.Cancer medicine · 2021Article
- Interaction Between Macrophage Extracellular Traps and Colon Cancer Cells Promotes Colon Cancer Invasion and Correlates With Unfavorable Prognosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundInvasion and metastasis is a complex process governed by the interaction of genetically altered tumor cells and the immunological and inflammatory host response. Specific T-cells directed against tumor cells and the nonspecific inflammatory reaction due to tissue damage, cooperate against invasive tumor cells in order to prevent recurrences. Data concerning involvement of individual cell types are readily available but little is known about the coordinate interactions between both forms of immune response. PATIENTS AND
methodsThe presence of inflammatory infiltrate and eosinophils was determined in 1530 patients with rectal adenocarcinoma from a multicenter trial. We selected 160 patients to analyze this inflammatory infiltrate in more detail using immunohistochemistry. The association with the development of local and distant relapses was determined using univariate and multivariate log rank testing.
resultsPatients with an extensive inflammatory infiltrate around the tumor had lower recurrence rates (3.4% versus 6.9%, p = 0.03), showing the importance of host response against tumor cells. In particular, peritumoral mast cells prevent local and distant recurrence (44% versus 15%, p = 0.007 and 86% versus 21%, p < 0.0001, respectively), with improved survival as a consequence. The presence of intratumoral T-cells had independent prognostic value for the occurrence of distant metastases (32% versus 76%, p < 0.0001).
conclusionsWe showed that next to properties of tumor cells, the amount and type of inflammation is also relevant in the control of rectal cancer. Knowledge of the factors involved may lead to new approaches in the management of rectal cancer.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.