ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2001
"Electronic nose" detects major histocompatibility complex-dependent prerenal and postrenal odor components.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2001. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Non-Invasive Blood Pressure Tracking of Spontaneous Hypertension Rats Using an Electronic Nose.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Physicochemical features partially explain olfactory crossmodal correspondences.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Ethorobotic rats for rodent behavioral research: design considerations.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2023Article
- Sniffing speeds up chemical detection by controlling air-flows near sensors.Nature communications · 2021Article
- Mouse urinary peptides provide a molecular basis for genotype discrimination by nasal sensory neurons.Nature communications · 2013Article
- In search of the chemical basis for MHC odourtypes.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2010Review
- Article
- Risk for intentional violent death associated with HLA genotypes: a preliminary survey of deceased American organ donors.Genetica · 2009Article
- Individual variation in 3-methylbutanal: a putative link between human leukocyte antigen and skin microflora.Journal of chemical ecology · 2008Article
- Quantitative analysis of mouse urine volatiles: in search of MHC-dependent differences.PloS one · 2007Article
- Chemical identification of MHC-influenced volatile compounds in mouse urine. I: Quantitative Proportions of Major Chemosignals.Journal of chemical ecology · 2007Article
- Comparative analysis of volatile constituents from mice and their urine.Journal of chemical ecology · 2006Article
- The human brain is a detector of chemosensorily transmitted HLA-class I-similarity in same- and opposite-sex relations.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2006Article
- Infection-dependent phenotypes in MHC-congenic mice are not due to MHC: can we trust congenic animals?BMC immunology · 2004Article
- Presence of mouse mammary tumor virus specifically alters the body odor of mice.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2002Article
- Discrimination of MHC-derived odors by untrained mice is consistent with divergence in peptide-binding region residues.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2002Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Mice prefer to mate with individuals expressing different MHC genes from their own. Volatile components presenting MHC-dependent odor types are present in urine and can be detected by mice, as shown by extensive behavioral studies. Similar odor types are suspected to influence human behavior as well. Although a recent report indicates that MHC expression influences the ratio of volatile compounds such as phenylacetic acid, so far no other means than studying the behavior of mice or rats has been available to assess odor types. Here, we report the ability of a gas sensor array (referred to as "electronic nose") to detect MHC-dependent odor types. The electronic nose consists of an array of chemophysical detectors, in our case quartz crystal microbalances and semiconducting metal-oxide sensors that change frequency or conductivity upon binding of very small numbers of individual molecules present in the gas phase of odorous fluids. The pattern of changes is characteristic for a particular smell. Our electronic nose distinguishes the urine odor types of MHC congenic mouse strains, MHC class I mutant mice, and HLA-A2 transgenic mice. In addition, MHC-dependent odor types can be detected in serum. The device also clearly differentiates between individual odor types of human sera from HLA homozygous individuals; however, HLA expression seems to have only a secondary influence. Thus, odor-type research can now be carried out with an objective and fast through-put system independent of behavioral studies.
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