ReviewClinical pharmacokinetics2001
Comparative pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the rifamycin antibacterials.
Review in Clinical pharmacokinetics, 2001. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 4 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 130 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Pharmacokinetics of Co-formulated Emtricitabine/Tenofovir/Efavirenz in HIV-infected Patients With Smear-positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis in the Kilimanjaro Region, Tanzania
Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of High Versus Standard Dose Rifampicin in Patients With Pulmonary Tuberculosis in the Kilimanjaro Region, Tanzania.
TBTC Study 31 PK/PD: Population Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Study of Efficacy and Safety of High-Dose Rifapentine and Moxifloxacin for Treatment of Tuberculosis in the Study 31 Treatment Trial: Intensive PK Sampling
A Randomized Controlled Non-Inferiority Study for Shortening Tuberculosis Treatment With Sitafloxacin-Containing Regimens
Who cites it
130 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 334 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between HIV and acquisition of rifamycin resistance with first-line TB treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Pooled it
- Hepatotoxicity, efficacy and completion rate between 3 months of isoniazid plus rifapentine and 9 months of isoniazid in treating latent tuberculosis infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA · 2021Pooled it
- Official American Thoracic Society/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Infectious Diseases Society of America Clinical Practice Guidelines: Treatment of Drug-Susceptible Tuberculosis.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2016Guideline
- Rifabutin for treating pulmonary tuberculosis.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2007Pooled it
- Four-Month Rifapentine Regimens with or without Moxifloxacin for Tuberculosis.The New England journal of medicine · 2021Trial
- A Population Pharmacokinetic Analysis Shows that Arylacetamide Deacetylase (AADAC) Gene Polymorphism and HIV Infection Affect the Exposure of Rifapentine.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2019Trial
- Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Phase II Dose-Finding Study To Evaluate High-Dose Rifampin for Tuberculous Meningitis.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2018Trial
- Impact of Rifabutin or Rifampin on Bedaquiline Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics Assessed in a Randomized Clinical Trial with Healthy Adult Volunteers.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2018Trial
- Pharmacokinetics, Tolerability, and Bacteriological Response of Rifampin Administered at 600, 900, and 1,200 Milligrams Daily in Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2017Trial
- A Phase 2 Randomized Trial of a Rifapentine plus Moxifloxacin-Based Regimen for Treatment of Pulmonary Tuberculosis.PloS one · 2016Trial
- Two-stage activity-safety study of daily rifapentine during intensive phase treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis.The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease · 2015Trial
- Daily rifapentine for treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis. A randomized, dose-ranging trial.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2015Trial
- Pharmacokinetics and safety of rifabutin in young HIV-infected children receiving rifabutin and lopinavir/ritonavir.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2015Trial
- Randomized pharmacokinetic evaluation of different rifabutin doses in African HIV- infected tuberculosis patients on lopinavir/ritonavir-based antiretroviral therapy.BMC pharmacology & toxicology · 2014Trial
- Trial
- Moxifloxacin population pharmacokinetics in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and the effect of intermittent high-dose rifapentine.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2012Trial
- Effects of tuberculosis, race, and human gene SLCO1B1 polymorphisms on rifampin concentrations.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2010Trial
- Effects of four different meal types on the population pharmacokinetics of single-dose rifapentine in healthy male volunteers.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2010Trial
- Interaction studies of tipranavir-ritonavir with clarithromycin, fluconazole, and rifabutin in healthy volunteers.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2009Trial
- Pharmacokinetics and tolerability of a higher rifampin dose versus the standard dose in pulmonary tuberculosis patients.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2007Trial
70 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The rifamycin antibacterials, rifampicin (rifampin), rifabutin and rifapentine, are uniquely potent in the treatment of patients with tuberculosis and chronic staphylococcal infections. Absorption is variably affected by food; the maximal concentration of rifampicin is decreased by food, whereas rifapentine absorption is increased in the presence of food. The rifamycins are well-known inducers of enzyme systems involved in the metabolism of many drugs, most notably those metabolised by cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A. The relative potency of the rifamycins as CYP3A inducers is rifampin > rifapentine > rifabutin; rifabutin is also a CYP3A substrate. The antituberculosis activity of rifampicin is decreased by a modest dose reduction from 600 to 450mg. This somewhat surprising finding may be due to the binding of rifampicin to serum proteins, limiting free, active concentrations of the drug. However, increasing the administration interval (after the first 2 to 8 weeks of therapy) has little effect on the sterilising activity of rifampicin, suggesting that relatively brief exposures to a critical concentration of rifampicin are sufficient to kill intermittently metabolising mycobacterial populations. The high protein binding of rifapentine (97%) may explain the suboptimal efficacy of the currently recommended dose of this drug. The toxicity of rifampicin is related to dose and administration interval, with increasing rates of presumed hypersensitivity with higher doses combined with administration frequency of once weekly or less. Rifabutin toxicity is related to dose and concomitant use of CYP3A inhibitors. The rifamycins illustrate the complexity of predicting the pharmacodynamics of treatment of an intracellular pathogen with the capacity for dormancy.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.