ArticleMicrobiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR2001
Tetracycline antibiotics: mode of action, applications, molecular biology, and epidemiology of bacterial resistance.
Article in Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR, 2001. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1,405 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1,405 citing papers in PubMed, 4,390 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Randomized multicenter trial comparing minocycline and ornidazole with classical quadruple therapy in Helicobacter pylori treatment.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Impact of doxycycline post-exposure prophylaxis for sexually transmitted infections on the gut microbiome and antimicrobial resistome.Nature medicine · 2025Trial
- Global transmission dynamics of antibiotic resistance genes: Foodborne pathways as the critical link to humans.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026Article
- Molecular Detection Technologies for Helicobacter pylori Antibiotic Resistance: Current Status and Clinical Implications.Current microbiology · 2026Review
- Cytosine compounds-modulated fluorescent CuNCs for fingerprint discrimination of tetracyclines antibiotics based on host-guest pattern recognition.Mikrochimica acta · 2026Article
- Genomic characterization of efflux pumps and putative small multidrug resistance (SMR)-like transporters in disinfectant-tolerant coagulase-negative staphylococci from a Vietnamese hospital.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- PMAxx dye-assisted colorimetric dual DNAzyme-LAMP (PD-cDDLAMP) for rapid phenotypic antimicrobial susceptibility testing ofMicrobiology spectrum · 2026Article
- The Oxytetracycline ProducerInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Effects of Sub-Inhibitory Rifampicin, Minocycline, and Dalbavancin on Early Biofilm Formation and Transcriptional Responses inMicroorganisms · 2026Article
- Sustainable Biocatalytic Cascades: A Versatile Tool in the Synthesis of Natural Products With Therapeutic Potential.Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology · 2026Review
- Genomic Characterization of Bacterial Isolates from Aerobic Fermentation of Oolong Tea Dregs: Antimicrobial Resistance, Virulence, and Lignocellulose-Degrading Potential.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Whole-Genome Sequencing ofMicroorganisms · 2026Article
- Tetracycline for Helicobacter pylori eradication: a narrative review from quadruple to dual therapy.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2026Review
- Global distribution and genomic characteristics ofInfectious medicine · 2026Article
- Tetracyclines, a timely resurgence or doomed to fail again?Journal of medical microbiology · 2026Review
- Evolution, Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Implications of Mobile Tetracycline Destructases.BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Effects ofVeterinary and animal science · 2026Article
- Tetracycline as a Peroxidase Inhibitor: Possible Implications for Thyroid Hormone Biosynthesis.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Antibiotic-Induced Genotoxicity: Molecular Mechanisms, Cytogenetic Damage, and Implications for Human Health.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
1,345 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Tetracyclines were discovered in the 1940s and exhibited activity against a wide range of microorganisms including gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, chlamydiae, mycoplasmas, rickettsiae, and protozoan parasites. They are inexpensive antibiotics, which have been used extensively in the prophlylaxis and therapy of human and animal infections and also at subtherapeutic levels in animal feed as growth promoters. The first tetracycline-resistant bacterium, Shigella dysenteriae, was isolated in 1953. Tetracycline resistance now occurs in an increasing number of pathogenic, opportunistic, and commensal bacteria. The presence of tetracycline-resistant pathogens limits the use of these agents in treatment of disease. Tetracycline resistance is often due to the acquisition of new genes, which code for energy-dependent efflux of tetracyclines or for a protein that protects bacterial ribosomes from the action of tetracyclines. Many of these genes are associated with mobile plasmids or transposons and can be distinguished from each other using molecular methods including DNA-DNA hybridization with oligonucleotide probes and DNA sequencing. A limited number of bacteria acquire resistance by mutations, which alter the permeability of the outer membrane porins and/or lipopolysaccharides in the outer membrane, change the regulation of innate efflux systems, or alter the 16S rRNA. New tetracycline derivatives are being examined, although their role in treatment is not clear. Changing the use of tetracyclines in human and animal health as well as in food production is needed if we are to continue to use this class of broad-spectrum antimicrobials through the present century.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.