ArticleThorax2001
Sex dependent differences in physiological ageing in the immune system of lower airways in healthy non-smoking volunteers: study of lymphocyte subsets in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and blood.
Article in Thorax, 2001. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Guideline
- Sex differences in severe pulmonary emphysema.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2007Trial
- New Insights Into Refractory Chronic Cough and Unexplained Chronic Cough: A 6-Year Ambispective Cohort Study.Allergy, asthma & immunology research · 2023Article
- Effect of age, season, and gender on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cytology in camels.Open veterinary journal · 2023Article
- Human Variation in DNA Repair, Immune Function, and Cancer Risk.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Article
- Association of cytokine gene polymorphisms in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Oman medical journal · 2012Article
- Cell recovery in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in smokers is dependent on cumulative smoking history.PloS one · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAge related changes in the immune system have been studied frequently but a possible relation to sex has not, to our knowledge, previously been examined. The effect of age and sex on the composition of lymphocyte subsets in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and peripheral blood was therefore examined.
methodsBronchoscopy with lavage was performed in 32 healthy non-atopic, non-smoking volunteers (16 women aged 26-63 years (mean 44) and 16 men aged 23-63 years (mean 39)). Cytospin preparations for differential counts of BAL fluid cells and surface antigen expression of lymphocytes from BAL fluid and blood were analysed by flow cytometry.
resultsMost parameters in the BAL fluid changed with age in women. The percentage of CD4+ lymphocytes increased with age from a mean of 48 (SD10)% in women aged < or =40 years to 69 (11)% in women aged >43 years (p=0.001). The percentage of CD8+ lymphocytes tended to decrease with age and the CD4/CD8 ratio was 5.8 (1.2) in women aged >43 years compared with 2.1 (0.7) in those aged < or =40 years (p<0.0001). Women aged >43 years differed from men aged >43 years as well as from younger subjects of both sexes with respect to CD4+ cells and CD4/CD8 ratio, and from younger women with respect to CD8+ cells. There was no age related change in the CD4/CD8 ratio in blood. No sex related differences were seen in the blood or BAL fluid of adults below the age of 40 years.
conclusionsThe composition of lymphocytes with different phenotypes in the lower respiratory tract changes with age in women but not in men. This may have implications for some clinical conditions such as chronic dry cough which are observed predominantly in women.
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