ArticleJournal of virology2001
Genotypic correlates of phenotypic resistance to efavirenz in virus isolates from patients failing nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor therapy.
Article in Journal of virology, 2001. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 94 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
94 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 239 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trends in HIV-1 pretreatment drug resistance and HIV-1 variant dynamics among antiretroviral therapy-naive Ethiopians from 2003 to 2018: a pooled sequence analysis.Virology journal · 2023Pooled it
- Pharmacokinetics of BILR 355 after multiple oral doses coadministered with a low dose of ritonavir.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2009Trial
- Pharmacokinetic and safety evaluation of BILR 355, a second-generation nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, in healthy volunteers.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2008Trial
- Comparison of four-drug regimens and pairs of sequential three-drug regimens as initial therapy for HIV-1 infection.The New England journal of medicine · 2003Trial
- Comparison of sequential three-drug regimens as initial therapy for HIV-1 infection.The New England journal of medicine · 2003Trial
- Trial
- Patterns of HIV-1 Viral Load Suppression and Drug Resistance During the Dolutegravir Transition: A Population-based Longitudinal Study.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026Article
- Characterization of sexually acquired HIV-1 transmission networks and genetic variation in northern frontier China, 2021-2024.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Patterns of HIV-1 viral load suppression and drug resistance during the dolutegravir transition: a population-based longitudinal study.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Molecular transmission network characteristics and high-risk transmission analysis of newly reported HIV-1 subjects in Nantong, China.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- HIV-1 pretreatment and acquired antiretroviral drug resistance before tenofovir/ /lamivudine /dolutegravir (TLD) roll-out in Mozambique.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Article
- The Phenomenon of Antiretroviral Drug Resistance in the Context of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Treatment: Dynamic and Ever Evolving Subject Matter.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- High-Level Drug-Resistant Mutations among HIV-1 Subtype A6 and CRF02_AG in Kazakhstan.Viruses · 2023Article
- Pretreatment and Acquired Antiretroviral Drug Resistance Among Persons Living With HIV in Four African Countries.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2021Article
- Nationwide Study of Drug Resistance Mutations in HIV-1 Infected Individuals under Antiretroviral Therapy in Brazil.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Pharmacogenomics of Antiretroviral Drug Metabolism and Transport.Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology · 2021Review
- High Detection Rate of HIV Drug Resistance Mutations among Patients Who Fail Combined Antiretroviral Therapy in Manaus, Brazil.BioMed research international · 2021Article
- HIV-1 molecular epidemiology and drug resistance-associated mutations among treatment-naïve blood donors in China.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Pharmaceutical, clinical, and resistance information on doravirine, a novel non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor for the treatment of HIV-1 infection.Drugs in context · 2020Review
34 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Efavirenz (also known as DMP 266 or SUSTIVA) is a potent nonnucleoside inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase (RT) activity and of HIV-1 replication in vitro and in vivo. Most patients on efavirenz-containing regimens have sustained antiviral responses; however, rebounds in plasma viral load have been observed in some patients in association with the emergence of mutant strains of HIV-1. Virus isolates from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with such treatment failures, as well as recombinant viruses incorporating viral sequences derived from patient plasma, show reduced in vitro susceptibility to efavirenz in association with mutations in the RT gene encoding K103N, Y188L, or G190S/E substitutions. Patterns of RT gene mutations and in vitro susceptibility were similar in plasma virus and in viruses isolated from PBMCs. Variant strains of HIV-1 constructed by site-directed mutagenesis confirmed the role of K103N, G190S, and Y188L substitutions in reduced susceptibility to efavirenz. Further, certain secondary mutations (V106I, V108I, Y181C, Y188H, P225H, and F227L) conferred little resistance to efavirenz as single mutations but enhanced the level of resistance of viruses carrying these mutations in combination with K103N or Y188L. Viruses with K103N or Y188L mutations, regardless of the initial selecting nonnucleoside RT inhibitor (NNRTI), exhibited cross-resistance to all of the presently available NNRTIs (efavirenz, nevirapine, and delavirdine). Some virus isolates from nevirapine or delavirdine treatment failures that lacked K103N or Y188L mutations remained susceptible to efavirenz in vitro, although the clinical significance of this finding is presently unclear.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.