ArticleNature2001
The highly reduced genome of an enslaved algal nucleus.
Article in Nature, 2001. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 142 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
142 citing papers in PubMed, 453 citations in OpenAlex.
- Nucleomorph phylogenomics suggests a deep and ancient origin of cryptophyte plastids within Rhodophyta.The New phytologist · 2026Article
- How to upgrade stolen organelles into permanent plastids: A comparative transcriptomic perspective.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- The structural basis for light harvesting in organisms producing phycobiliproteins.The Plant cell · 2024Review
- Endosymbioses Have Shaped the Evolution of Biological Diversity and Complexity Time and Time Again.Genome biology and evolution · 2024Review
- Coral Lipidome: Molecular Species of Phospholipids, Glycolipids, Betaine Lipids, and Sphingophosphonolipids.Marine drugs · 2023Review
- Endosymbiosis in Nature and the Gut-Brain Axis.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2023Article
- Article
- The chromatin organization of a chlorarachniophyte nucleomorph genome.Genome biology · 2022Article
- Kinetochore Architecture Employs Diverse Linker Strategies Across Evolution.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2022Review
- Limits to the cellular control of sequestered cryptophyte prey in the marine ciliate Mesodinium rubrum.The ISME journal · 2021Article
- Changes in the transcriptome, ploidy, and optimal light intensity of a cryptomonad upon integration into a kleptoplastic dinoflagellate.The ISME journal · 2020Article
- Putative genome features of relic green alga-derived nuclei in dinoflagellates and future perspectives as model organisms.Communicative & integrative biology · 2020Article
- Dinoflagellates with relic endosymbiont nuclei as models for elucidating organellogenesis.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2020Article
- The Known, the New, and a Possible Surprise: A Re-Evaluation of the Nucleomorph-Encoded Proteome of Cryptophytes.Genome biology and evolution · 2019Article
- Diversification of light capture ability was accompanied by the evolution of phycobiliproteins in cryptophyte algae.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2019Article
- Relative Mutation Rates in Nucleomorph-Bearing Algae.Genome biology and evolution · 2019Article
- Nucleomorph Small RNAs in Cryptophyte and Chlorarachniophyte Algae.Genome biology and evolution · 2019Article
- Extensive Reduction of the Nuclear Pore Complex in Nucleomorphs.Genome biology and evolution · 2019Article
- Genome of tiny predator with big appetite.BMC biology · 2018Article
- Iron-Sulfur Cluster Biosynthesis in Algae with Complex Plastids.Genome biology and evolution · 2018Article
82 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Chromophyte algae differ fundamentally from plants in possessing chloroplasts that contain chlorophyll c and that have a more complex bounding-membrane topology. Although chromophytes are known to be evolutionary chimaeras of a red alga and a non-photosynthetic host, which gave rise to their exceptional membrane complexity, their cell biology is poorly understood. Cryptomonads are the only chromophytes that still retain the enslaved red algal nucleus as a minute nucleomorph. Here we report complete sequences for all three nucleomorph chromosomes from the cryptomonad Guillardia theta. This tiny 551-kilobase eukaryotic genome is the most gene-dense known, with only 17 diminutive spliceosomal introns and 44 overlapping genes. Marked evolutionary compaction hundreds of millions of years ago eliminated nearly all the nucleomorph genes for metabolic functions, but left 30 for chloroplast-located proteins. To allow expression of these proteins, nucleomorphs retain hundreds of genetic-housekeeping genes. Nucleomorph DNA replication and periplastid protein synthesis require the import of many nuclear gene products across endoplasmic reticulum and periplastid membranes. The chromosomes have centromeres, but possibly only one loop domain, offering a means for studying eukaryotic chromosome replication, segregation and evolution.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.