ArticleOncogene2001
Overexpression of interleukin-6 in human basal cell carcinoma cell lines increases anti-apoptotic activity and tumorigenic potency.
Article in Oncogene, 2001. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.
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Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 128 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vaccination with p53 peptide-pulsed dendritic cells is associated with disease stabilization in patients with p53 expressing advanced breast cancer; monitoring of serum YKL-40 and IL-6 as response biomarkers.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2007Trial
- The Protective Effects of Mcl-1 on Mitochondrial Damage and Oxidative Stress in Imiquimod-Induced Cancer Cell Death.Cancers · 2024Article
- Basal Cell Carcinoma: Comprehensive Review with Emphasis on Scar Tissue Manifestation and Post-Vaccination Incidence.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Inflammatory cell death induced by 5-aminolevulinic acid-photodynamic therapy initiates anticancer immunity.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Article
- Basal cell carcinoma: Comprehensive clinical and histopathological aspects, novel imaging tools and therapeutic approaches (Review).Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2022Review
- Secreted Toxins FromFrontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
- Article
- STAT3 polymorphisms and IL-6 polymorphism are associated with the risk of basal cell carcinoma in patients from northern Poland.Archives of dermatological research · 2019Article
- Expression of interleukin-6 in ocular surface squamous neoplasia.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2019Article
- E6/E7 and E6Frontiers in immunology · 2019Article
- IL-32 gamma reduces lung tumor development through upregulation of TIMP-3 overexpression and hypomethylation.Cell death & disease · 2018Article
- Targeting the VEGF-C/VEGFR3 axis suppresses Slug-mediated cancer metastasis and stemness via inhibition of KRAS/YAP1 signaling.Oncotarget · 2017Review
- Novel Fish Oil-based Bigel System for Controlled Drug Delivery and its Influence on Immunomodulatory Activity of Imiquimod Against Skin Cancer.Pharmaceutical research · 2017Article
- Differentiation by NK cells is a prerequisite for effective targeting of cancer stem cells/poorly differentiated tumors by chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic drugs.Journal of Cancer · 2017Article
- Tumor cell survival pathways activated by photodynamic therapy: a molecular basis for pharmacological inhibition strategies.Cancer metastasis reviews · 2015Review
- How do benign myoepithelial cells from in situ areas of carcinoma ex-pleomorphic adenoma favor tumor progression?Journal of cell communication and signaling · 2015Article
- T-cell mediated anti-tumor immunity after photodynamic therapy: why does it not always work and how can we improve it?Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology · 2015Article
- Soluble interleukin-6 receptor is a serum biomarker for the response of esophageal carcinoma to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.Cancer science · 2013Article
- Antitumor activity of IL-32β through the activation of lymphocytes, and the inactivation of NF-κB and STAT3 signals.Cell death & disease · 2013Article
- A novel, externally validated inflammation-based prognostic algorithm in hepatocellular carcinoma: the prognostic nutritional index (PNI).British journal of cancer · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pleiotropic cytokine that is capable of modulating the diverse functions of cells such as acute phase responses and inflammation. Excessive or insufficient production of IL-6 may contribute to certain diseases of the skin. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible role of IL-6 in the tumorigenesis of basal cell carcinoma (BCC). Initially, we transfected IL-6 expression vector, under the control of a CMV promoter, into human BCC cells and successfully obtained IL-6-overexpressing clones (BCC/IL-6-c1 and BCC/IL-6-c2) and a mixture (BCC/IL-6). DNA synthesis assay determined using (3)H-thymidine pulse incorporation revealed that IL-6-expressing BCC cells exhibited a much higher DNA synthesis rate than the neo control or parental BCC cells. We also detected a greater abundance of IL-6-expressing cell colonies formed in soft agar than in the vector control cells. Furthermore, BCC/IL-6 cells, but not vector control cells, were resistant to UV and photodynamic therapy (PDT)-induced apoptosis, as confirmed using DNA fragmentation and morphologic change analyses. Immunoblot analysis showed that Mcl-1, an anti-apoptotic protein, was specifically up-regulated IL-6 transfectants but not in the control cells. Transient transfection of IL-6 transfectants with antisense mcl-1 greatly enhanced their apoptosis frequency by UV treatment. In tumorigenesis assay, IL-6 transfected clones formed tumors in nude mice more rapidly than the control cells. These tumors appeared to be highly vascularized using pathological examination. Supportive of this finding, we found that IL-6 transfected cells expressed elevated levels of two angiogenic factors, cyclooxygenase (Cox)-2 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). These results suggest that overexpression of IL-6 enhances the tumorigenic activity of BCC cells by both suppressing apoptosis and actively promoting angiogenesis.
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