ArticleHeart (British Cardiac Society)2001
Cost effectiveness of ramipril treatment for cardiovascular risk reduction.
Article in Heart (British Cardiac Society), 2001. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evaluating Cost-Effectiveness Models for Pharmacologic Interventions in Adults with Heart Failure: A Systematic Literature Review.PharmacoEconomics · 2019Pooled it
- Efficacy and Safety of Zofenopril Versus Ramipril in the Treatment of Myocardial Infarction and Heart Failure: A Review of the Published and Unpublished Data of the Randomized Double-Blind SMILE-4 Study.Advances in therapy · 2018Review
- Cost-effectiveness of zofenopril in patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction after acute myocardial infarction: a post hoc analysis of SMILE-4.ClinicoEconomics and outcomes research : CEOR · 2013Article
- Determining the cost-effectiveness of preventing cardiovascular disease: are estimates calculated over the duration of a clinical trial adequate?The Canadian journal of cardiology · 2008Article
- Use of recommended medications after myocardial infarction in Austria.European journal of epidemiology · 2008Article
- Article
- More than just hype.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2003Article
- Review
- Implementation of the NICE guidelines for the primary prevention of mortality from ventricular tachyarrhythmias: implications for UK electrophysiology centres; activity modelling from the UK-HEART study.Heart (British Cardiac Society) · 2001Article
- Docetaxel induced cardiotoxicity.Heart (British Cardiac Society) · 2001Article
- Renin angiotensin system inhibition is associated with reduced free radical concentrations in arteries of patients with coronary heart disease.Heart (British Cardiac Society) · 2001Article
- Strong prognostic value of combining N-terminal atrial natriuretic peptide and ECG to predict death in heart patients from general practice.Heart (British Cardiac Society) · 2001Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo assess the cost effectiveness of ramipril treatment in patients at low, medium, and high risk of cardiovascular death.
designPopulation based cost effectiveness analysis from the perspective of the health care provider in the UK. Effectiveness was modelled using data from the HOPE (heart outcome prevention evaluation) trial. The life table method was used to predict mortality in a medium risk cohort, as in the HOPE trial (2.44% annual mortality), and in low and high risk groups (1% and 4.5% annual mortality, respectively).
settingUK population using 1998 government actuary department data.
main outcome measureCost per life year gained at five years and lifetime treatment with ramipril.
resultsCost effectiveness was pound36 600, pound13 600, and pound4000 per life year gained at five years and pound5300, pound1900, and pound100 per life year gained at 20 years (lifetime treatment) in low, medium, and high risk groups, respectively. Cost effectiveness at 20 years remained well below that of haemodialysis ( pound25 000 per life year gained) over a range of potential drug costs and savings. Treatment of the HOPE population would cost the UK National Health Service (NHS) an additional pound360 million but would prevent 12 000 deaths per annum.
conclusionsRamipril is cost effective treatment for cardiovascular risk reduction in patients at medium, high, and low pretreatment risk, with a cost effectiveness comparable with the use of statins. Implementation of ramipril treatment in a medium risk population would result in a major reduction in cardiovascular deaths but would increase annual NHS spending by pound360 million.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.