ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2001
In vivo detection of gene expression in liver by 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy employing creatine kinase as a marker gene.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2001. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- In Vivo Quantification of Creatine Kinase Kinetics in Mouse Brain UsingNMR in biomedicine · 2025Article
- Development of Timd2 as a reporter gene for MRI.Magnetic resonance in medicine · 2016Article
- Gene transfer of arginine kinase to skeletal muscle using adeno-associated virus.Gene therapy · 2014Article
- 3.0T 31P MR spectroscopy in assessment of response to antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis C.World journal of gastroenterology · 2014Article
- Is there a path beyond BOLD? Molecular imaging of brain function.NeuroImage · 2012Review
- MagA is sufficient for producing magnetic nanoparticles in mammalian cells, making it an MRI reporter.Magnetic resonance in medicine · 2008Article
- Elevated creatine kinase activity in primary hepatocellular carcinoma.BMC gastroenterology · 2005Article
- In vivo imaging of MLC2v-luciferase, a cardiac-specific reporter gene expression in mice.Academic radiology · 2004Article
- Gene therapy progress and prospects: noninvasive imaging of gene therapy in living subjects.Gene therapy · 2004Review
- Non-invasive gamma camera imaging of gene transfer using an adenoviral vector encoding an epitope-tagged receptor as a reporter.Gene therapy · 2003Article
- In Vivo Noninvasive Imaging for Gene Therapy.Journal of biomedicine & biotechnology · 2003Article
- Noninvasive real-time imaging of apoptosis.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2002Article
- A review of responsive MRI contrast agents: 2005-2014.Contrast media & molecular imagingReview
- Death and proliferation time course of stem cells transplanted in the myocardium.Molecular imaging and biologyArticle
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
In vivo assessment of gene expression is desirable to obtain information on the extent and duration of transduction of tissue after gene delivery. We have developed an in vivo, potentially noninvasive, method for detecting virally mediated gene transfer to the liver. The method employs an adenoviral vector carrying the gene for the brain isozyme of murine creatine kinase (CK-B), an ATP-buffering enzyme expressed mainly in muscle and brain but absent from liver, kidney, and pancreas. Gene expression was monitored by (31)P magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) using the product of the CK enzymatic reaction, phosphocreatine, as an indicator of transfection. The vector was administered into nude mice by tail vein injection, and exogenous creatine was administered in the drinking water and by i.p. injection of 2% creatine solution before (31)P MRS examination, which was performed on surgically exposed livers. A phosphocreatine resonance was detected in livers of mice injected with the vector and was absent from livers of control animals. CK expression was confirmed in the injected animals by Western blot analysis, enzymatic assays, and immunofluorescence measurements. We conclude that the syngeneic enzyme CK can be used as a marker gene for in vivo monitoring of gene expression after virally mediated gene transfer to the liver.
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