ArticleInfection and immunity2001
Increased immunogenicity and induction of class switching by conjugation of complement C3d to pneumococcal serotype 14 capsular polysaccharide.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2001. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 77 citations in OpenAlex.
- Modular complement assemblies for mitigating inflammatory conditions.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021Article
- Co-Opting Host Receptors for Targeted Delivery of Bioconjugates-From Drugs to Bugs.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Autotransporter-Mediated Display of Complement Receptor Ligands by Gram-Negative Bacteria Increases Antibody Responses and Limits Disease Severity.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Incorporating B cell activating factor (BAFF) into the membrane of rabies virus (RABV) particles improves the speed and magnitude of vaccine-induced antibody responses.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2019Article
- Complement: an overview for the clinician.Hematology/oncology clinics of North America · 2015Review
- C3d adjuvant effects are mediated through the activation of C3d-specific autoreactive T cells.Immunology and cell biology · 2015Article
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- Article
- Marginal zone B cells: virtues of innate-like antibody-producing lymphocytes.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2013Review
- Cancer vaccines and carbohydrate epitopes.Vaccine · 2011Review
- C3d adjuvant activity is reduced by altering residues involved in the electronegative binding of C3d to CR2.Immunology letters · 2010Article
- A self-assembling peptide acting as an immune adjuvant.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2010Article
- Mannan-binding lectin deficiency modulates the humoral immune response dependent on the genetic environment.Immunology · 2009Article
- Borrelia burgdorferi binding of host complement regulator factor H is not required for efficient mammalian infection.Infection and immunity · 2007Article
- Immunoglobulins and complement factor C4 in adult rhinosinusitis.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2006Article
- Recurrent infections in partial complement factor I deficiency: evaluation of three generations of a Brazilian family.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2006Article
- Complement-mediated activation of the adaptive immune responses: role of C3d in linking the innate and adaptive immunity.Immunologic research · 2006Review
- Role of complement receptor type 2 and endogenous complement in the humoral immune response to conjugates of complement C3d and pneumococcal serotype 14 capsular polysaccharide.Infection and immunity · 2005Article
- Carbohydrate moieties as vaccine candidates.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2005Review
- C3d enhances immune responses using low doses of DNA expressing the HIV-1 envelope from codon-optimized gene sequences.Current HIV research · 2005Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated an adjuvant effect for the C3d fragment of complement C3 when coupled to T-dependent protein antigens. In this study, we examined the antibody response to covalent conjugates of C3d and a T-independent antigen, the capsular polysaccharide of serotype 14 Streptococcus pneumoniae (PPS14). We prepared a conjugate of mouse C3d and PPS14 and compared its immunogenicity with that of a conjugate of PPS14 and ovalbumin (OVA). When BALB/c mice were immunized with PPS14-C3d, there was a significant increase in serum anti-PPS14 concentrations compared with either native PPS14 or control PPS14-glycine conjugates. This was accompanied by a switch in anti-PPS14 from predominantly immunoglobulin M (IgM) to IgG1 by day 25 following primary immunization. Following secondary immunization with PPS14-C3d, there was a marked booster response and a further increase in the ratio of IgG1 to IgM anti-PPS14. Although the primary antibody response to the PPS14-OVA conjugate exceeded that induced by immunization with PPS14-C3d, serum anti-PPS14 concentrations after a second injection of PPS14-C3d were nearly identical to those induced by secondary immunization with PPS14-OVA. Experiments with athymic nude mice suggested that T cells were not required for the adjuvant effect of C3d on the primary immune response to PPS14 but were necessary for enhancement of the memory response after a second injection of PPS14-C3d. These studies show that the adjuvant effects of C3d extend to T-independent antigens as well as T-dependent antigens. As a means of harnessing the adjuvant potential of the innate immune system, C3d conjugates may prove useful as a component of vaccines against encapsulated bacteria.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.