ArticleBMJ (Clinical research ed.)2001
The UK accelerated immunisation programme and sudden unexpected death in infancy: case-control study.
Article in BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 2001. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 76 citations in OpenAlex.
- Factors Associated with Safe Infant Sleep Practices in Saudi Arabia.Pediatric health, medicine and therapeutics · 2021Article
- Exploring the risk factors for sudden infant deaths and their role in inflammatory responses to infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2015Review
- Evidence for Infection and Inflammation in Infant Deaths in a Country with Historically Low Incidences of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome.Frontiers in immunology · 2015Article
- Sudden unexpected deaths and vaccinations during the first two years of life in Italy: a case series study.PloS one · 2011Article
- Recommendations for sudden infant death syndrome prevention: a discussion document.Archives of disease in childhood · 2007Review
- Sudden and unexpected deaths after the administration of hexavalent vaccines (diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, poliomyelitis, hepatitis B, Haemophilius influenzae type b): is there a signal?European journal of pediatrics · 2005Article
- Parents' perspectives on the MMR immunisation: a focus group study.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2001Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo investigate whether the accelerated immunisation programme in the United Kingdom is associated, after adjustment for potential confounding, with the sudden infant death syndrome.
designPopulation based case-control study, February 1993 to March 1996. Parental interviews were conducted for each death and for four controls matched for age, locality, and time of sleep. Immunisation status was taken from records held by the parents.
settingFive regions in England with a combined population of over 17 million. SUBJECTS: Immunisation details were available for 93% (303/325) of infants whose deaths were attributed to the sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS); 90% (65/72) of infants with explained sudden deaths; and 95% (1515/1588) of controls.
resultsAfter all potential confounding factors were controlled for, immunisation uptake was strongly associated with a lower risk of SIDS (odds ratio 0.45 (95% confidence interval 0.24 to 0.85)). This difference became non-significant (0.67 (0.31 to 1.43)) after further adjustment for other factors specific to the infant's sleeping environment. Similar proportions of SIDS deaths and reference sleeps (corresponding to the time of day during which the index baby had died) among the controls occurred within 48 hours of the last vaccination (5% (7/149) v 5% (41/822)) and within two weeks (21% (31/149) v 27% (224/822)). No longer term temporal association with immunisation was found (P=0.78). Of the SIDS infants who died within two weeks of vaccination, 16% (5/31) had signs and symptoms of illness that suggested that medical contact was required, compared with 26% (16/61) of the non-immunised SIDS infants of similar age. The findings for the infants who died suddenly and unexpectedly but of explained causes mirrored those for SIDS infants.
conclusionsImmunisation does not lead to sudden unexpected death in infancy, and the direction of the relation is towards protection rather than risk.
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