ArticleThe Journal of molecular diagnostics : JMD2000
PCR analysis of the immunoglobulin heavy chain gene in polyclonal processes can yield pseudoclonal bands as an artifact of low B cell number.
Article in The Journal of molecular diagnostics : JMD, 2000. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 84 citations in OpenAlex.
- Deep sequencing as a diagnostic tool in patients with suspected primary vitreoretinal lymphoma.The British journal of ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Update in Molecular Testing for Intraocular Lymphoma.Cancers · 2022Review
- Cytologic and Molecular Diagnostics for Vitreoretinal Lymphoma: Current Approaches and Emerging Single-Cell Analyses.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2020Review
- Optimisation and validation of a PCR for antigen receptor rearrangement (PARR) assay to detect clonality in canine lymphoid malignancies.Veterinary immunology and immunopathology · 2016Article
- The evolution of clonality testing in the diagnosis and monitoring of hematological malignancies.Therapeutic advances in hematology · 2014Review
- The role of molecular pathology in the diagnosis of cutaneous lymphomas.Pathology research international · 2012Article
- The frequency of immunoglobulin heavy chain gene and T-cell receptor gamma-chain gene rearrangements and Epstein-Barr virus in ALK+ and ALK- anaplastic large cell lymphoma and other peripheral T-cell lymphomas.The Journal of molecular diagnostics : JMD · 2008Article
- Malleable immunoglobulin genes and hematopathology - the good, the bad, and the ugly: a paper from the 2007 William Beaumont hospital symposium on molecular pathology.The Journal of molecular diagnostics : JMD · 2008Review
- CSF IgH gene rearrangement analysis in isolated post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder of the central nervous system.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2008Article
- Analysis of T-cell clonality using laser capture microdissection and high-resolution microcapillary electrophoresis.The Journal of molecular diagnostics : JMD · 2007Article
- Optimization of PCR amplification for B- and T-cell clonality analysis on formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded samples.Pathology oncology research : POR · 2007Article
- Ancillary techniques in bone marrow pathology: molecular diagnostics on bone marrow trephine biopsies.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2005Review
- Application of BIOMED-2 primers in fixed and decalcified bone marrow biopsies: analysis of immunoglobulin H receptor rearrangements in B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.The Journal of molecular diagnostics : JMD · 2005Article
- BIOMED-2 multiplex immunoglobulin/T-cell receptor polymerase chain reaction protocols can reliably replace Southern blot analysis in routine clonality diagnostics.The Journal of molecular diagnostics : JMD · 2005Article
- Molecular diagnosis in lymphoma.Current oncology reports · 2004Review
- Increased sensitivity of B-cell clonality analysis in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded B-cell lymphoma samples using an enzyme blend with both 5'-->3' DNA polymerase and 3'-->5' exonuclease activity.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2003Article
- IgH PCR of zinc formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded non-lymphomatous gastric samples produces artifactual "clonal" bands not observed in paired tissues unexposed to zinc formalin.The Journal of molecular diagnostics : JMD · 2002Article
- T cell receptor gamma-chain gene polymerase chain reaction to diagnose central nervous system involvement by cutaneous T cell lymphoma.The Journal of molecular diagnostics : JMD · 2002Article
- Immunoglobulin heavy chain gene analysis in lymphomas: a multi-center study demonstrating the heterogeneity of performance of polymerase chain reaction assays.The Journal of molecular diagnostics : JMD · 2002Article
- PCR methods for determining B cell clonality.The Journal of molecular diagnostics : JMD · 2000Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based analysis for detecting immunoglobulin heavy chain gene (IgH) rearrangements in lymphoproliferative disorders is well established. The presence of one or two discrete bands is interpreted as a monoclonal proliferation, whereas a smear pattern represents a polyclonal population. Prompted by our observation of discrete bands in histologically reactive processes with a relative paucity of B cells, we sought to determine whether low numbers of B cells in biopsy specimens could artifactually produce pseudomonoclonal bands. We performed IgH PCR analysis on serially diluted DNA samples from 5 B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (B-NHLs), 5 reactive lymph nodes, 5 reactive tonsils and 10 microdissected germinal centers from a lymph node with follicular hyperplasia. We also assessed multiple aliquots of DNA samples from small biopsy specimens of reactive lymphocytic processes from the stomach (5 cases). PCR products were evaluated using high resolution agarose or polyacrylamide gels, and DNA sequencing was performed on IgH PCR products from two reactive germinal centers, which yielded monoclonal bands of identical size. All 5 B-NHLs harboring monoclonal B cell populations yielded single discrete bands, which were maintained in all dilutions. By contrast, all of the reactive lesions with polyclonal patterns at 50 ng/microl starting template concentration showed strong pseudomonoclonal bands at dilutions of 1:1,000 to 1:1,500 in placental DNA. Two of the microdissected reactive germinal centers that showed bands of identical size on duplicate reactions were proven to have different IgH sequences by sequencing. We conclude that specimens containing low numbers of polyclonal B cells may produce pseudomonoclonal bands on IgH PCR analysis. IgH PCR analysis should be performed on multiple aliquots of each DNA sample, and only samples that yield reproducible bands of identical size can be reliably interpreted as monoclonal.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.