Evidence map›Paper›PMID 11254619›Full record

ArticleInfection and immunity2001

Haemophilus ducreyi associates with phagocytes, collagen, and fibrin and remains extracellular throughout infection of human volunteers.

M E Bauer, M P Goheen, C A Townsend, S M Spinola

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Infection and immunity, 2001. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 65 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
65citing papers in PubMed
2.8field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

65 citing papers in PubMed, 92 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. A Class IInfection and immunity · 2019
    Trial
  2. Molecular pathogenesis ofMicrobiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2025
    Review
  3. The protein degradation system encoded byInfection and immunity · 2025
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Infections caused byClinical microbiology reviews · 2024
    Review
  6. AInfection and immunity · 2024
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Interactions of the Skin PathogenFrontiers in immunology · 2020
    Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. CpG DNA analysis of bacterial STDs.BMC infectious diseases · 2015
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

M E BauerDepartment of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA. mbauer@iupui.edu
M P Goheen
C A Townsend
S M Spinola
Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis · US

Funding

ZOSUQUIDAR TRIHYDROCHLORIDE DURING CONVENTIONAL INDUCTION AND POST-REMISSIONM01RR000750 · NCRR · INDIANA UNIV-PURDUE UNIV AT INDIANAPOLIS · PI RODRIGUEZ, HENRY · 1985 to 2008
$25.5M
VIRAL DETERMINANTS OF HSV DISEASE IN MICEU19AI031494 · NIAID · INDIANA UNIV-PURDUE UNIV AT INDIANAPOLIS · PI SPINOLA, STANLEY M. · 1995 to 2009
$13.6M
Haemophilus ducreyi Inhibits PhagocytosisR37AI032011 · NIAID · UT SOUTHWESTERN MEDICAL CENTER · PI HANSEN, ERIC JOHN · 2006 to 2015
$3.8M
PATHOGENESIS OF HAEMOPHILUS DUCREYI INFECTIONSR01AI027863 · NIAID · INDIANA UNIV-PURDUE UNIV AT INDIANAPOLIS · PI SPINOLA, STANLEY M. · 1995 to 2013
$3.8M
MOLECULAR PATHOGENESIS OF CHANCROIDR01AI032011 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS SW MED CTR/DALLAS · PI HANSEN, ERIC JOHN · 1992 to 2004
$1.7M
GENETICS AND BIOLOGY OF THE LOS HAEMOPHILUS DUCREYIR01AI038444 · NIAID · RESEARCH INST NATIONWIDE CHILDREN'S HOSP · PI MUNSON, ROBERT S. · 1997 to 2001
$486k
Haemophilus ducreyi Inhibits PhagocytosisR56AI032011 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS SW MED CTR/DALLAS · PI HANSEN, ERIC JOHN · 2005 to 2005
$390k
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES CLINICAL TRIALS UNITN01AI075329 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · 1997 to 2003
$346k
IMMUNOBIOLOGY OF HEMOGLOBIN/HEME RECEPTORS OF H DUCREYIR29AI040263 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI ELKINS, CHRISTOPHER · 1996 to 2000
$97k
PATHOGENESIS OF HAEMOPHILUS DUCREYI INFECTIONSR29AI027863 · NIAID · STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO · PI SPINOLA, STANLEY M · 1990 to 1994
–
NONPILUS ADHESINS OF HAEMOPHILUS DUCREYIF32AI009971 · NIAID · INDIANA UNIV-PURDUE UNIV AT INDIANAPOLIS · PI BAUER, MARGARET E · 1997 to 1999
–
VARIABILITY IN HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS GLYCOPROTEINS AND INFECTIVITYU01AI031494 · NIAID · INDIANA UNIV-PURDUE UNIV AT INDIANAPOLIS · PI BYRNE, GERALD I · 1991 to 1994
–
NCRR NIH HHS M01 RR000750NCRR NIH HHS MO1RR00750NIAID NIH HHS AI09971NIAID NIH HHS AI27863NIAID NIH HHS AI31494NIAID NIH HHS AI32011NIAID NIH HHS AI38444NIAID NIH HHS AI40263NIAID NIH HHS F32 AI009971NIAID NIH HHS N01 AI075329NIAID NIH HHS N01-AI75329NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI027863NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI032011NIAID NIH HHS R37 AI032011NIAID NIH HHS R56 AI032011NIAID NIH HHS U19 AI031494
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In a previous study, Haemophilus ducreyi was found in the pustule and dermis of samples obtained at the clinical end point in the human model of infection. To understand the kinetics of localization, we examined infected sites at 0, 24, and 48 h after inoculation and at the clinical end point. Immediately after inoculation, bacteria were found predominantly in the dermis but also in the epidermis. Few bacteria were detectable at 24 h; however, by 48 h, bacteria were readily seen in the pustule and dermis. H. ducreyi was associated with polymorphonuclear leukocytes and macrophages in the pustule and at its base, but was not associated with T cells, Langerhans' cells, or fibroblasts. H. ducreyi colocalized with collagen and fibrin but not laminin or fibronectin. Association with phagocytes, collagen, and fibrin was seen as early as 48 h and persisted at the pustular stage of disease. Optical sectioning by confocal microscopy and transmission electron microscopy both failed to demonstrate intracellular H. ducreyi. These data identify collagen and fibrin as potentially important targets of adherence in vivo and strongly suggest that H. ducreyi remains extracellular throughout infection and survives by resisting phagocytic killing in vivo.

Indexed as

Bacterial AdhesionAdultCollagenFemaleFibrinHaemophilus ducreyiHumansMacrophagesMaleMiddle AgedNeutrophilsPhagocytesSkinT-LymphocytesCollagenFibrin

Identifiers

PMID11254619
PMCPMC98191
OpenAlexW2097191298

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.