ArticleThe Journal of cell biology2001
Protein kinase C activation promotes microtubule advance in neuronal growth cones by increasing average microtubule growth lifetimes.
Article in The Journal of cell biology, 2001. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 102 citations in OpenAlex.
- Optogenetic control of Protein Kinase C-epsilon activity reveals its intrinsic signaling properties with spatiotemporal resolution.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Self-organization of modular network architecture by activity-dependent neuronal migration and outgrowth.eLife · 2019Article
- Regulation of axon growth by myosin II-dependent mechanocatalysis of cofilin activity.The Journal of cell biology · 2019Article
- Wnt5a evokes cortical axon outgrowth and repulsive guidance by tau mediated reorganization of dynamic microtubules.Developmental neurobiology · 2014Article
- Phosphorylation of α-tubulin by protein kinase C stimulates microtubule dynamics in human breast cells.Cytoskeleton (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2014Article
- A biosensor of local kinesin activity reveals roles of PKC and EB1 in KIF17 activation.The Journal of cell biology · 2013Article
- Protein kinase C activation decreases peripheral actin network density and increases central nonmuscle myosin II contractility in neuronal growth cones.Molecular biology of the cell · 2013Article
- Spatial and temporal sensing limits of microtubule polarization in neuronal growth cones by intracellular gradients and forces.Biophysical journal · 2012Article
- PKA and PKC are required for long-term but not short-term in vivo operant memory in Aplysia.Learning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.) · 2011Article
- Localized alteration of microtubule polymerization in response to guidance cues.Journal of neuroscience research · 2010Article
- Providing positional information with active transport on dynamic microtubules.Biophysical journal · 2010Article
- Cytoskeletal dynamics in growth-cone steering.Journal of cell science · 2009Review
- Evolutionary conservation of the signaling proteins upstream of cyclic AMP-dependent kinase and protein kinase C in gastropod mollusks.Brain, behavior and evolution · 2009Review
- Effects of axotomy on cultured sensory neurons of Aplysia: long-term injury-induced changes in excitability and morphology are mediated by different signaling pathways.Journal of neurophysiology · 2008Article
- Article
- PKC-induced intracellular trafficking of Ca(V)2 precedes its rapid recruitment to the plasma membrane.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2008Article
- Disorganized microtubules underlie the formation of retraction bulbs and the failure of axonal regeneration.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2007Article
- Cytoplasmic dynein and LIS1 are required for microtubule advance during growth cone remodeling and fast axonal outgrowth.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2007Article
- Rho GTPases regulate PTPmu-mediated nasal neurite outgrowth and temporal repulsion of retinal ganglion cell neurons.Molecular and cellular neurosciences · 2007Article
- Isoform specificity of PKC translocation in living Aplysia sensory neurons and a role for Ca2+-dependent PKC APL I in the induction of intermediate-term facilitation.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2006Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
We describe a novel mechanism for protein kinase C regulation of axonal microtubule invasion of growth cones. Activation of PKC by phorbol esters resulted in a rapid, robust advance of distal microtubules (MTs) into the F-actin rich peripheral domain of growth cones, where they are normally excluded. In contrast, inhibition of PKC activity by bisindolylmaleimide and related compounds had no perceptible effect on growth cone motility, but completely blocked phorbol ester effects. Significantly, MT advance occurred despite continued retrograde F-actin flow-a process that normally inhibits MT advance. Polymer assembly was necessary for PKC-mediated MT advance since it was highly sensitive to a range of antagonists at concentrations that specifically interfere with microtubule dynamics. Biochemical evidence is presented that PKC activation promotes formation of a highly dynamic MT pool. Direct assessment of microtubule dynamics and translocation using the fluorescent speckle microscopy microtubule marking technique indicates PKC activation results in a nearly twofold increase in the typical lifetime of a MT growth episode, accompanied by a 1.7-fold increase and twofold decrease in rescue and catastrophe frequencies, respectively. No significant effects on instantaneous microtubule growth, shortening, or sliding rates (in either anterograde or retrograde directions) were observed. MTs also spent a greater percentage of time undergoing retrograde transport after PKC activation, despite overall MT advance. These results suggest that regulation of MT assembly by PKC may be an important factor in determining neurite outgrowth and regrowth rates and may play a role in other cellular processes dependent on directed MT advance.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.