Trial reportClinical and experimental immunology2001
Effect of deworming on human T cell responses to mycobacterial antigens in helminth-exposed individuals before and after bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination.
Trial report in Clinical and experimental immunology, 2001. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00857116 (The Impact of Deworming on Host Immunity and Clinical Outcome in Patients With Pulmonary Tuberculosis), which is not on this map. Cited by 146 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Impact of Deworming on Host Immunity and Clinical Outcome in Patients With Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Who cites it
146 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 328 citations in OpenAlex.
- Development and application of the direct mycobacterial growth inhibition assay: a systematic review.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Pooled it
- Whole Blood Mycobacterial Growth Assays for Assessing Human Tuberculosis Susceptibility: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Pooled it
- Intestinal parasites co-infection among tuberculosis patients in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2020Pooled it
- The extent, nature, and pathogenic consequences of helminth polyparasitism in humans: A meta-analysis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2019Pooled it
- Exploratory analysis of the effect of helminth infection on the immunogenicity and efficacy of the asexual blood-stage malaria vaccine candidate GMZ2.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Trial
- Effect of Schistosoma mansoni infection and its treatment on antibody responses to measles catch-up immunisation in pre-school children: A randomised trial.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2019Trial
- Safety and efficacy of PfSPZ Vaccine against Plasmodium falciparum via direct venous inoculation in healthy malaria-exposed adults in Mali: a randomised, double-blind phase 1 trial.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2017Trial
- A Randomized, Controlled Safety, and Immunogenicity Trial of the M72/AS01 Candidate Tuberculosis Vaccine in HIV-Positive Indian Adults.Medicine · 2016Trial
- Effect of Antihelminthic Treatment on Vaccine Immunogenicity to a Seasonal Influenza Vaccine in Primary School Children in Gabon: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2015Trial
- Distinct T-cell responses when BCG vaccination is delayed from birth to 6 weeks of age in Ugandan infants.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2014Trial
- Trial
- The effect of maternal helminth infection on maternal and neonatal immune function and immunity to tuberculosis.PloS one · 2014Trial
- Tuberculin skin-test reactions are unaffected by the severity of hyperendemic intestinal helminth infections and co-infections.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2010Trial
- The impact of helminths on the response to immunization and on the incidence of infection and disease in childhood in Uganda: design of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, factorial trial of deworming interventions delivered in pregnancy and early childhood [ISRCTN32849447].Clinical trials (London, England) · 2007Trial
- A randomised controlled trial of the effects of albendazole in pregnancy on maternal responses to mycobacterial antigens and infant responses to Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) immunisation [ISRCTN32849447].BMC infectious diseases · 2005Trial
- Towards host-directed therapy: The role of matrix metalloproteinases in the immunopathogenesis of tuberculosis.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2026Review
- The human immunome in the post-schistosomiasis mass drug administration era.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Review
- Review
- Parasitic infection prevalence in tuberculosis patients and their household contacts in the Littoral Region of Cameroon.Parasite epidemiology and control · 2025Article
- Helminth infections affect host immune responses to viral infections and vaccines.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2025Review
86 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The protective efficacy of BCG vaccination against pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is highly variable in different populations. The reason remains to be elucidated. This study aims to investigate the possible effect of intestinal helminths on the immune response to PPD in naturally immunized or BCG-vaccinated humans. The study population was assessed for helminthic infection and those found to be positive were randomly assigned to either an albendazole treatment group or a control group who received a placebo. The immune response to PPD was compared between the two groups. In addition, subjects who were tuberculin skin test-negative in both groups were BCG vaccinated and later on tested for PPD-specific responses. Albendazole induced elimination/or reduction in intestinal worms resulting in a significant improvement in T cell proliferation and in interferon-gamma production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) stimulated with PPD. Moreover, BCG vaccination significantly improved PPD-specific immune responses in the treated group but not in the placebo group. The differences in the in vivo skin test responses were not significant. The data show that cellular immune responses to PPD are reduced in persons with concurrent helminthic infections, perhaps reflecting a lowered resistance to mycobacterial infections. This could explain, at least in part, the reduced efficacy of BCG against TB in helminth-endemic areas of the world.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.