ArticleInfection and immunity2001
Functional characterization of streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin J, a novel superantigen.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2001. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
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- MAIT Cells Are Major Contributors to the Cytokine Response in Group A Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2019Article
- Toxins and Superantigens of Group A Streptococci.Microbiology spectrum · 2019Article
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- Genome Analysis of Streptococcus pyogenes Associated with Pharyngitis and Skin Infections.PloS one · 2016Article
- Contribution of each of four Superantigens to Streptococcus equi-induced mitogenicity, gamma interferon synthesis, and immunity.Infection and immunity · 2010Article
- Genetic analysis of group A streptococcus isolates recovered during acute glomerulonephritis outbreaks in Guizhou Province of China.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2009Article
- Streptococcal toxic shock syndrome caused by Streptococcus suis serotype 2.PLoS medicine · 2006Article
- Variations in emm type among group A streptococcal isolates causing invasive or noninvasive infections in a nationwide study.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2005Article
- Reemergence of emm1 and a changed superantigen profile for group A streptococci causing invasive infections: results from a nationwide study.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2005Article
- Toxic shock syndrome in children: epidemiology, pathogenesis, and management.Paediatric drugs · 2005Review
- Peptide antagonists of superantigen toxins.Molecular diversity · 2004Article
- Major outbreak of toxic shock-like syndrome caused by Streptococcus mitis.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2003Article
- Diagnostic role of tests for T cell receptor (TCR) genes.Journal of clinical pathology · 2003Review
- Characterization of two novel pyrogenic toxin superantigens made by an acute rheumatic fever clone of Streptococcus pyogenes associated with multiple disease outbreaks.Infection and immunity · 2002Article
- Dissemination of the phage-associated novel superantigen gene speL in recent invasive and noninvasive Streptococcus pyogenes M3/T3 isolates in Japan.Infection and immunity · 2002Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS) is a highly lethal, acute-onset illness that is a subset of invasive streptococcal disease. The majority of clinical STSS cases have been associated with the pyrogenic toxin superantigens (PTSAgs) streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin A or C (SPE A or C), although cases have been reported that are not associated with either of these exotoxins. Recent genome sequencing projects have revealed a number of open reading frames that potentially encode proteins with similarity to SPEs A and C and to other PTSAgs. Here, we describe the cloning, expression, purification, and functional characterization of a novel exotoxin termed streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin J (SPE J). Purified recombinant SPE J (rSPE J) expressed from Escherichia coli stimulated the expansion of both rabbit splenocytes and human peripheral blood lymphocytes, preferentially expanded human T cells displaying Vbeta2, -3, -12, -14, and -17 on their T-cell receptors, and was active at concentrations as low as 5 x 10(-6) microg/ml. Furthermore, rSPE J induced fevers in rabbits and was lethal in two models of STSS. Biochemically, SPE J had a predicted molecular weight of 24,444 and an isoelectric point of 7.7 and lacked the ability to form the cystine loop structure characteristic of many PTSAgs. SPE J shared 19.6, 47.1, 38.8, 18.1, 19.6, and 24.4% identity with SPEs A, C, G, and H, streptococcal superantigen, and streptococcal mitogenic exotoxin Z-2, respectively, and was immunologically cross-reactive with SPE C. The characterization of a seventh functional streptococcal PTSAg raises important questions relating to the evolution of the streptococcal superantigens.
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