Evidence map›Paper›PMID 11178265›Full record

ArticleGenome biology2000

Evidence for symmetric chromosomal inversions around the replication origin in bacteria.

J A Eisen, J F Heidelberg, O White, S L Salzberg

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Genome biology, 2000. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 165 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
165citing papers in PubMed
6.3field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

165 citing papers in PubMed, 312 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  4. Emergence of OXA-48-producingFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026
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  5. Evolution of gene order in prokaryotes is driven primarily by gene gain and loss.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
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  16. NewInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Comprehensive Molecular Dissection ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2021
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

105 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

J A EisenThe Institute for Genomic Research, 9712 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA. jeisen@tigr.org
J F Heidelberg
O White
S L Salzberg

Funding

COMPUTATIONAL MODELING OF GENES AND GENE STRUCTURER01LM006845 · NLM · UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK · PI SALZBERG, STEVEN L. · 1999 to 2010
$5.9M
MICROBIAL PATHOGEN GENOME PROJECT--STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENER01AI038406 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA HLTH SCIENCES CTR · PI FERRETTI, JOSEPH J · 1995 to 1998
–
NIAID NIH HHS AI38406NLM NIH HHS R01 LM006845NLM NIH HHS R01 LM06845
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundWhole-genome comparisons can provide great insight into many aspects of biology. Until recently, however, comparisons were mainly possible only between distantly related species. Complete genome sequences are now becoming available from multiple sets of closely related strains or species.

resultsBy comparing the recently completed genome sequences of Vibrio cholerae, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Mycobacterium tuberculosis to those of closely related species - Escherichia coli, Streptococcus pyogenes and Mycobacterium leprae, respectively - we have identified an unusual and previously unobserved feature of bacterial genome structure. Scatterplots of the conserved sequences (both DNA and protein) between each pair of species produce a distinct X-shaped pattern, which we call an X-alignment. The key feature of these alignments is that they have symmetry around the replication origin and terminus; that is, the distance of a particular conserved feature (DNA or protein) from the replication origin (or terminus) is conserved between closely related pairs of species. Statistically significant X-alignments are also found within some genomes, indicating that there is symmetry about the replication origin for paralogous features as well.

conclusionsThe most likely mechanism of generation of X-alignments involves large chromosomal inversions that reverse the genomic sequence symmetrically around the origin of replication. The finding of these X-alignments between many pairs of species suggests that chromosomal inversions around the origin are a common feature of bacterial genome evolution.

Indexed as

Chromosome InversionBacteriaChromosomes, BacterialDNA, BacterialGenome, BacterialReplication OriginSequence AlignmentDNA, Bacterial

Identifiers

PMID11178265
PMCPMC16139
OpenAlexW1516878686

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.