ReviewClinical microbiology reviews2001
Endocarditis due to rare and fastidious bacteria.
Review in Clinical microbiology reviews, 2001. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 279 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
279 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 755 citations in OpenAlex.
- Host-Bacterium Interaction Mechanisms inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- The diagnosis of microorganism involved in infective endocarditis (IE) by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and real-time PCR: A systematic review.The Kaohsiung journal of medical sciences · 2018Pooled it
- Partial Oral Antibiotic Therapy for Infective Endocarditis: A Practical Review of Current Evidence and Guidelines.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Culture-Negative Infective Endocarditis due toClinical case reports · 2026Article
- Impacts of blood culture-negative status on outcomes of infectious endocarditis patients with nonsurgical and surgical intervention.Medicine · 2026Article
- Genomic Characterization ofMicroorganisms · 2026Article
- Abiotrophia defectiva spondylodiscitis: case report and literature review.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026Review
- Exploring mesenchymal stem cells as a novel therapeutic approach for HACEK endocarditis: a narrative review.Journal of cardiothoracic surgery · 2026Review
- Osteomyelitis of the Hip due toCase reports in infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Culture-Negative Infective Endocarditis Presenting With Cardio-Hepatorenal Syndrome in a 21-Year-Old Patient: A Case Report of Diagnostic Workup and Management.Case reports in cardiology · 2026Article
- Mitral Valve Vegetation and Embolic Stroke in Newly Diagnosed Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis: A Diagnostic Challenge Mimicking Culture-Negative Endocarditis.European journal of case reports in internal medicine · 2026Article
- From Culture-Negative to PCR-Positive: Multimodality Imaging and Surgical Valve PCR in DiagnosingActa Cardiologica Sinica · 2026Article
- Article
- Fastidious or rarely isolated gram-negative rods with a particular focus onClinical microbiology reviews · 2025Review
- Long-Term Prognosis and Surgical Outcomes of Culture-Negative Infective Endocarditis.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Article
- Necrotizing Pneumonia Complicated by Bartonella-Associated Culture-Negative Endocarditis in an Immunocompetent Adult.Cureus · 2025Article
- Article
- Advances and Prospects in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Blood Culture-Negative Infective Endocarditis.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Review
- Article
- [Infective endocarditis caused byRevista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia · 2025Article
219 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The etiologic diagnosis of infective endocarditis is easily made in the presence of continuous bacteremia with gram-positive cocci. However, the blood culture may contain a bacterium rarely associated with endocarditis, such as Lactobacillus spp., Klebsiella spp., or nontoxigenic Corynebacterium, Salmonella, Gemella, Campylobacter, Aeromonas, Yersinia, Nocardia, Pasteurella, Listeria, or Erysipelothrix spp., that requires further investigation to establish the relationship with endocarditis, or the blood culture may be uninformative despite a supportive clinical evaluation. In the latter case, the etiologic agents are either fastidious extracellular or intracellular bacteria. Fastidious extracellular bacteria such as Abiotrophia, HACEK group bacteria, Clostridium, Brucella, Legionella, Mycobacterium, and Bartonella spp. need supplemented media, prolonged incubation time, and special culture conditions. Intracellular bacteria such as Coxiella burnetii cannot be isolated routinely. The two most prevalent etiologic agents of culture-negative endocarditis are C. burnetti and Bartonella spp. Their diagnosis is usually carried out serologically. A systemic pathologic examination of excised heart valves including periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining and molecular methods has allowed the identification of Whipple's bacillus endocarditis. Pathologic examination of the valve using special staining, such as Warthin-Starry, Gimenez, and PAS, and broad-spectrum PCR should be performed systematically when no etiologic diagnosis is evident through routine laboratory evaluation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.