ArticleThe American journal of pathology2001
Biallelic inactivation of retinoic acid receptor beta2 gene by epigenetic change in breast cancer.
Article in The American journal of pathology, 2001. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 63 citations in OpenAlex.
- Retinoic Acids in the Treatment of Most Lethal Solid Cancers.Journal of clinical medicine · 2020Review
- Genomic Changes in Normal Breast Tissue in Women at Normal Risk or at High Risk for Breast Cancer.Breast cancer : basic and clinical research · 2016Review
- Epigenetic alteration of p16 and retinoic acid receptor beta genes in the development of epithelial ovarian carcinoma.Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine · 2014Article
- Epigenetic regulation of retinoic acid receptor β2 gene in the initiation of breast cancer.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2011Article
- Hypermethylation of RARβ2 correlates with high COX-2 expression and poor prognosis in patients with colorectal carcinoma.Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine · 2010Article
- Aberrant methylation of RASSF1A is associated with poor survival in Tunisian breast cancer patients.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2010Article
- Metabolism and regulation of gene expression by 4-oxoretinol versus all-trans retinoic acid in normal human mammary epithelial cells.Journal of cellular physiology · 2009Article
- CpG island methylator phenotype associates with low-degree chromosomal abnormalities in colorectal cancer.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2008Article
- Aberrant cellular retinol binding protein 1 (CRBP1) gene expression and promoter methylation in prostate cancer.Journal of clinical pathology · 2004Article
- Downregulation of retinoic acid receptor-beta(2) expression is linked to aberrant methylation in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell lines.World journal of gastroenterology · 2004Article
- Promoter hypermethylation of MGMT, CDH1, RAR-beta and SYK tumour suppressor genes in granulosa cell tumours (GCTs) of ovarian origin.British journal of cancer · 2004Article
- Tumor suppressor genes on chromosome 3p involved in the pathogenesis of lung and other cancers.Oncogene · 2002Review
- Epigenetic downregulation of the retinoic acid receptor-beta2 gene in breast cancer.Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia · 2001Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A growing body of evidence supports the hypotheses that retinoic acid receptor beta2 (RAR beta2) is a tumor suppressor gene. Although the loss of RAR beta2 expression has been reported in many malignant tumors, including breast cancer, the molecular mechanism is still poorly understood. We hypothesized that loss of RAR beta2 activity could result from multiple factors, including epigenetic modification and loss of heterozygosity (LOH). Using methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction and LOH analysis, we found that biallelic inactivation via epigenetic changes of both maternal and paternal alleles, or epigenetic modification of one allele combined with genetic loss of the remaining allele, could completely suppress RAR beta2 expression in breast cancer. Thus, it is possible that substantial numbers of human cancers arise through suppressor gene silencing via epigenetic mechanisms that inactivate both alleles. Because of this, chromatin-remodeling drugs may provide a novel strategy for cancer prevention and treatment.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.