ArticleThe Journal of clinical investigation2001
Salmonella typhimurium translocates flagellin across intestinal epithelia, inducing a proinflammatory response.
Article in The Journal of clinical investigation, 2001. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 132 papers.
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Who cites it
132 citing papers in PubMed, 393 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of Supplemental Calcium and Vitamin D on Circulating Biomarkers of Gut Barrier Function in Patients with Colon Adenoma: A Randomized Clinical Trial.Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2021Trial
- Engineering Salmonella as an immune-metabolic modulator of the tumor microenvironment.Trends in biotechnology · 2026Review
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- Current Applications and Immunological Considerations ofMicroorganisms · 2026Review
- Balancing harm and harmony: Evolutionary dynamics between gut microbiota-derived flagellin and TLR5-mediated host immunity and metabolism.Virulence · 2025Review
- Association Between the Gut Microbiota and Alzheimer's Disease: An Update on Signaling Pathways and Translational Therapeutics.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Flagellin Restricts HIV-1 Infection of Macrophages through Modulation of Viral Entry Receptors and CC Chemokines.Viruses · 2024Article
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- Strategies ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Review
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- TLR5-Derived, TIR-Interacting Decoy Peptides to Inhibit TLR Signaling.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2023Article
- Understanding the Mechanism of Antimicrobial Resistance and Pathogenesis ofMicroorganisms · 2022Review
- Selective IgA Deficiency in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats With Gut Dysbiosis.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2022Article
- Different serotypes of Escherichia coli flagellin exert identical adjuvant effects.BMC veterinary research · 2022Article
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- Single Cell Analysis of Bistable Expression of Pathogenicity Island 1 and the Flagellar Regulon inMicroorganisms · 2021Article
- Flagellin/TLR5 Stimulate Myeloid Progenitors to Enter Lung Tissue and to Locally Differentiate Into Macrophages.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- S-nitrosylation-mediated activation of a histidine kinase represses the type 3 secretion system and promotes virulence of an enteric pathogen.Nature communications · 2020Article
72 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
This study investigated whether soluble paracrine factors mediated Salmonella-induced IL-8 expression in polarized model intestinal epithelia. We found that the basolateral media of model epithelia that had been apically infected with Salmonella typhimurium for a short period (10 minutes) could activate IL-8 secretion in virgin model epithelia, demonstrating that a proinflammatory factor (PIF) was indeed present. Initial characterization found that PIF was a heat-stable protein with a molecular mass of about 50 kDa that acts on the basolateral, but not apical, surface of model intestinal epithelia to elicit IL-8 secretion. PIF was not present in the media of model epithelia stimulated with other inducers of IL-8 secretion (TNF-alpha or carbachol) but was present in S. typhimurium supernatants, indicating PIF is of bacterial origin. PIF was purified from bacterial culture supernatants by anion/cation exchange chromatography and SDS-PAGE and found by using microsequencing to be the protein flagellin. In support of this finding, flagellin-deficient S. typhimurium mutants did not secrete detectable levels of PIF (i.e., a bioactivity that induced IL-8 secretion when placed basolaterally on model epithelia). Furthermore, viable flagellin-deficient mutant organisms (fliC/fljB and flhD) failed to elicit IL-8 secretion when added apically to model intestinal epithelia. These findings indicate that translocation of flagellin across epithelia, subsequent to apical epithelial-S. typhimurium interaction, is likely a major means of activating a mucosal inflammatory response.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.