ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2000
Mosaic blood vessels in tumors: frequency of cancer cells in contact with flowing blood.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2000. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 257 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
257 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 666 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Tumor cell plasticity and angiogenesis in human melanomas.PloS one · 2012Trial
- Cancer metastasis: biological mechanisms, therapeutic bottlenecks, and emerging interventions.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2026Review
- CX3CL1/CX3CR1 signaling in spinal metastasis: mechanisms and translational opportunities.Clinical & experimental metastasis · 2026Review
- IntravChip: a vascularized and perfused microfluidic model of the primary tumor microenvironment to collect intravasated tumor cells.Biofabrication · 2026Article
- The Significance of CXCL1 in Cancer: An Overview of Molecular Mechanisms.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- IntravChip: a vascularized and perfused microfluidic model of the primary tumor microenvironment to collect intravasated tumor cells.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Detection of vasculogenic mimicry in equine ocular, oronasal, and genital squamous cell carcinoma.PloS one · 2026Article
- Tumor-associated endothelial cells in tumor immune escape and immunotherapy: multifaceted roles and treatment approaches.Biomarker research · 2025Review
- Vascular mimicry and mosaic vessels in parathyroid tumours: a new diagnostic approach?Journal of clinical pathology · 2025Article
- Article
- Immunomodulation and Immunotherapy for Patients with Prostate Cancer: An Up-to-Date Review.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Role of 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase in cancer: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic perspectives.Translational oncology · 2025Review
- Establishment and validation of a prognostic model based on vasculogenic mimicry-related gene clustering in ovarian cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Drosophila Intestine as a Model to Study Tumors.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025Review
- Endosialin promotes vascular maturation by inhibiting Cyr61 expression in melanoma metastasis.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Crosstalk between cancer stem cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells: implications for tumor progression and immunotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Effect of infusion direction on convection-enhanced drug delivery to anisotropic tissue.Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2024Article
- Microfluidic Applications in Prostate Cancer Research.Micromachines · 2024Review
- A Novel Ex Vivo Tumor Spheroid-Tissue Model for Investigating Microvascular Remodeling and Lymphatic Blood Vessel Plasticity.Annals of biomedical engineering · 2024Article
197 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The presence of "mosaic" vessels in which both endothelial cells and tumor cells form the luminal surface has profound implications for metastasis, drug delivery, and antivascular therapy. Yet little is known of the frequency, and thus importance, of mosaic vessels in tumors. Using CD31 and CD105 to identify endothelial cells and endogenous green fluorescent protein labeling of tumor cells, we show that approximately 15% of perfused vessels of a colon carcinoma xenografted at two different sites in mice were mosaic vessels having focal regions where no CD31/CD105 immunoreactivity was detected and tumor cells appeared to contact the vessel lumen. These regions occupied approximately 25% of the perimeter of the mosaic vessels, or approximately 4% of the total vascular surface area in these colon carcinomas. In addition, we found similar numbers of mosaic vessels in human colon carcinoma biopsies. Our results are consistent with the observation that approximately 10(6) cells are shed daily per g of tumor. More importantly, our data offer a possible explanation for the antivascular effects of cytotoxic agents and suggest potential strategies for targeting the tumor vasculature.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.