ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2001
Three distinct types of GnRH receptor characterized in the bullfrog.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2001. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 155 citations in OpenAlex.
- Long-lasting redundantiScience · 2024Article
- Efficacy of salmon GnRHa, Ovaprim® and hCG for hormonal stimulation of spermiation in the Fowler's toad (Conservation physiology · 2024Article
- Amphibian reproductive technologies: approaches and welfare considerations.Conservation physiology · 2021Article
- Article
- Dynamic evolution of the GnRH receptor gene family in vertebrates.BMC evolutionary biology · 2014Article
- Article
- Apoptotic death of prostate cancer cells by a gonadotropin-releasing hormone-II antagonist.PloS one · 2014Article
- Social regulation of male reproductive plasticity in an African cichlid fish.Integrative and comparative biology · 2013Review
- Molecular cloning and pharmacological characterization of two novel GnRH receptors in the lamprey (Petromyzon marinus).Endocrinology · 2012Article
- Molecular Coevolution of Neuropeptides Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone and Kisspeptin with their Cognate G Protein-Coupled Receptors.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2012Article
- The chicken type III GnRH receptor homologue is predominantly expressed in the pituitary, and exhibits similar ligand selectivity to the type I receptor.The Journal of endocrinology · 2009Article
- Gonadotropin-releasing hormone II: a multi-purpose neuropeptide.Integrative and comparative biology · 2008Article
- Diversity of actions of GnRHs mediated by ligand-induced selective signaling.Frontiers in neuroendocrinology · 2008Review
- Molecular and functional characterization of a novel gonadotropin-releasing-hormone receptor isolated from the common octopus (Octopus vulgaris).The Biochemical journal · 2006Article
- GnRH-I and GnRH-II have differential modulatory effects on human peripheral blood mononuclear cell proliferation and interleukin-2 receptor gamma-chain mRNA expression in healthy males.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2005Article
- GnRH and gpcr: laser-captured single cell gene profiling.Fish physiology and biochemistry · 2005Article
- Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH): from fish to mammalian brains.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2002Review
- A novel mammalian receptor for the evolutionarily conserved type II GnRH.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2001Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
It has been proposed recently that two types of GnRH receptors (GnRHR) exist in a particular species. Here we present data demonstrating that at least three types of GnRHR are expressed in a single diploid species, the bullfrog. Three different cDNAs, encoding distinct types of bullfrog GnRHR (bfGnRHR-1, bfGnRHR-2, and bfGnRHR-3), were isolated from pituitary and hindbrain of the bullfrog. BfGnRHR-1 mRNA was expressed predominantly in pituitary, whereas bfGnRHR-2 and -3 mRNAs were expressed in brain. The bfGnRHR-1, bfGnRHR-2, and bfGnRHR-3 proteins have an amino acid identity of approximately 30% to approximately 35% with mammalian GnRHRs and approximately 40% to approximately 50% with nonmammalian GnRHRs. Interestingly, bfGnRHR-2 has an 85% amino acid homology with Xenopus GnRHR. Less than 53% amino acid identity was observed among the three bfGnRHRs. All isolated cDNAs encode functional receptors because their transient expression in COS-7 cells resulted in a ligand-dependent increase in inositol phosphate production. Notably, all three receptors exhibited a differential ligand selectivity. For all receptors, cGnRH-II has a higher potency than mGnRH. In addition, salmon GnRH also has a strikingly high potency to stimulate all three receptors. In conclusion, we demonstrated the presence of three GnRHRs in the bullfrog. Their expression in pituitary and brain suggests that bfGnRHRs play an important role in the regulation of reproductive functions in the bullfrog.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.