Evidence map›Paper›PMID 11119528›Full record

ArticleInfection and immunity2001

Vaccination with calpain induces a Th1-biased protective immune response against Schistosoma japonicum.

R Zhang, A Yoshida, T Kumagai, H Kawaguchi, H Maruyama, T Suzuki, M Itoh, M El-Malky, N Ohta

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Infection and immunity, 2001. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
32citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.3field-weighted citation impact, top 13% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

32 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. HDL Receptor inFrontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2022
    Review
  3. A comprehensive and critical overview of schistosomiasis vaccine candidates.Journal of parasitic diseases : official organ of the Indian Society for Parasitology · 2021
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Metazoan Parasite Vaccines: Present Status and Future Prospects.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2018
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Nitric oxide blocks the development of the human parasiteProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2017
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Development of a schistosomiasis vaccine.Expert review of vaccines · 2016
    Review
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Schistosomiasis vaccines.Human vaccines · 2011
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

R ZhangDepartment of Medical Zoology, Nagoya City University Medical School, Nagoya, Japan.
A Yoshida
T Kumagai
H Kawaguchi
H Maruyama
T Suzuki
M Itoh
M El-Malky
N Ohta
Nagoya City University · JPAichi Medical University · JP

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

A large subunit of calpain, a calcium-activated neutral proteinase, from Schistosoma japonicum was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. When BALB/c mice were immunized with purified recombinant calpain (r-calpain) emulsified in complete Freund's adjuvant, a significant reduction in the number of recovered worms and also in egg production per female worm was observed (P<0.01). Spleen cells of the immunized mice showed enhanced production of gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) by activated CD4(+) T cells. Considering our observation of elevated expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase mRNA in immunized mice, r-calpain-induced IFN-gamma seemed to upregulate the production of nitric oxide by macrophages and subsequently mediated the killing of schistosomulae in the lung. On the other hand, spleen cells of immunized mice showed only faint interleukin-4 production in response to r-calpain in vitro, suggesting that immunization with r-calpain alters the Th1-Th2 balance in murine hosts even during a Th2-promoting S. japonicum infection. Furthermore, histopathological study of the livers of immunized mice showed that granulomas formed around eggs were diminished in both size and number. Egg production by female worms was clearly decreased in immunized mice, suggesting that r-calpain also has antifecundity effects. Taken together, these results point to S. japonicum calpain as a potential vaccine candidate for both worm killing and disease prevention, possibly through the induction of a strong Th1-dominant environment in immunized mice.

Indexed as

AnimalsAntibodies, HelminthCalpainCytokinesFemaleGranulomaMiceMice, Inbred BALB CNitric Oxide SynthaseRecombinant ProteinsRNA, MessengerSchistosoma japonicumTh1 CellsVaccinationAntibodies, HelminthCalpainCytokinesNitric Oxide SynthaseRecombinant ProteinsRNA, Messenger

Identifiers

PMID11119528
PMCPMC97894
OpenAlexW2108965251

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.