ArticleThe Journal of clinical investigation2000
Bromocriptine restores tolerance in estrogen-treated mice.
Article in The Journal of clinical investigation, 2000. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 98 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effects of bromocriptine on preventing postpartum flare in systemic lupus erythematosus patients from South China.Journal of immunology research · 2015Trial
- The X Factor in Immunity: Sex Differences Shaped by the X Chromosome.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- Plasma catecholamine metabolites are associated with disease activity and pathophysiological features in systemic lupus erythematosus using targeted LC-MS/MS.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Hormones and B-cell development in health and autoimmunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Abnormally high expression of D1-like dopamine receptors on lupus CD4Lupus science & medicine · 2023Article
- Peripheral Dopamine Controlled by Gut Microbes Inhibits Invariant Natural Killer T Cell-Mediated Hepatitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Article
- Prolactin has a pathogenic role in systemic lupus erythematosus.Immunologic research · 2017Article
- The dopaminergic system in autoimmune diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2014Review
- Prolactin rescues and primes autoreactive B cells directly and indirectly through dendritic cells in B6.Sle3 mice.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2013Article
- Prolactin and autoimmunity: hyperprolactinemia correlates with serositis and anemia in SLE patients.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2012Article
- The multi-faceted influences of estrogen on lymphocytes: toward novel immuno-interventions strategies for autoimmunity management.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2011Review
- The unexplained female predominance of systemic lupus erythematosus: clues from genetic and cytokine studies.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2011Review
- Prolactin, systemic lupus erythematosus, and autoreactive B cells: lessons learnt from murine models.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2011Review
- PD-1, gender, and autoimmunity.Autoimmunity reviews · 2010Review
- Prolactin alters the mechanisms of B cell tolerance induction.Arthritis and rheumatism · 2009Article
- Diminished prolactin from chlordecone treatment in ovariectomized (NZBxNZW)F(1) mice.International immunopharmacology · 2007Article
- Aging and estrogen: modulation of inflammatory responses after injury.Experimental gerontology · 2007Article
- Autoimmune glomerulonephritis with spontaneous formation of splenic germinal centers in mice lacking the estrogen receptor alpha gene.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2004Article
- Pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus.Journal of clinical pathology · 2003Review
- Prolactin modulates the naive B cell repertoire.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2003Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Estrogen can modulate autoimmunity in certain models of systemic lupus erythematosus. Recently, we have shown that it can mediate survival and activation of anti-DNA B cells in a mouse transgenic for the heavy chain of a pathogenic anti-DNA antibody. To identify whether estrogen effects reflect increased prolactin secretion, we characterized B-cell autoreactivity in transgenic mice given both bromocriptine (an inhibitor of prolactin secretion) and estradiol. Treatment of mice with estradiol plus bromocriptine led to reduced titers of anti-DNA antibodies and diminished IgG deposition in kidneys compared with treatment with estradiol alone. However, mice treated with estradiol plus bromocriptine showed an expansion of transgene-expressing B cells and enhanced Bcl-2 expression, similar to those of estradiol-treated mice. We identified anergic high-affinity anti-DNA B cells in mice treated with estradiol plus bromocriptine, and we showed by molecular analysis of anti-DNA hybridomas that their B cells derive from a naive repertoire. Thus, the estradiol-induced breakdown in B-cell tolerance can be abrogated by bromocriptine, which induces anergy in the high-affinity DNA-reactive B cells. These studies demonstrate that some of the effects of estrogen on naive autoreactive B cells require the presence of prolactin and, thus, suggest potential therapeutic interventions in lupus.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.