ArticleJournal of virology2000
Influenza A virus NS1 protein prevents activation of NF-kappaB and induction of alpha/beta interferon.
Article in Journal of virology, 2000. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 295 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
295 citing papers in PubMed, 538 citations in OpenAlex.
- An NS1-F161L Substitution Determines Host-Driven Virulence Enhancement of H5N6 Avian Influenza Virus in Ducks.Viruses · 2026Article
- Influenza A virus derived NS1 enhances translation of HPLC purified mRNA and interferon adjuvanted mRNA vaccination.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Article
- Influenza A virus disruption of dendritic cell-natural killer cell crosstalk impacts activation of naïve helper and cytotoxic T cell subsets.ImmunoHorizons · 2025Article
- The intricate interplay among microbiota, mucosal immunity, and viral infection in the respiratory tract.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Review
- Nuclear AGO2 supports influenza A virus replication through type-I interferon regulation.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- The H5N1-NS1 protein affects the host cell cycle and apoptosis through interaction with the host lncRNA PIK3CD-AS2.Virus genes · 2025Article
- Review
- Mechanistic Insights into Influenza A Virus-Induced Cell Death and Emerging Treatment Strategies.Veterinary sciences · 2024Review
- Host Innate Antiviral Response to Influenza A Virus Infection: From Viral Sensing to Antagonism and Escape.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Proteomics Analysis of Duck Lung Tissues in Response to Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus.Microorganisms · 2024Article
- H9N2 Avian Influenza Virus Downregulates FcRY Expression in Chicken Macrophage Cell Line HD11 by Activating the JNK MAPK Pathway.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Antiviral responses versus virus-induced cellular shutoff: a game of thrones between influenza A virus NS1 and SARS-CoV-2 Nsp1.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Review
- ISG15: its roles in SARS-CoV-2 and other viral infections.Trends in microbiology · 2023Review
- Structural Investigations of Interactions between the Influenza a Virus NS1 and Host Cellular Proteins.Viruses · 2023Review
- Review
- Eight influenza virus cellular manipulations which can boost concurrent SARS-CoV-2 infections to severe outcomes.Human cell · 2023Review
- SARS-CoV-2 nsp13 Restricts Episomal DNA Transcription without Affecting Chromosomal DNA.Journal of virology · 2023Article
- Identification of Anti-Influenza A Compounds Inhibiting the Viral Non-Structural Protein 1 (NS1) Using a Type I Interferon-Driven Screening Strategy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Article
235 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The alpha/beta interferon (IFN-alpha/beta) system represents one of the first lines of defense against virus infections. As a result, most viruses encode IFN antagonistic factors which enhance viral replication in their hosts. We have previously shown that a recombinant influenza A virus lacking the NS1 gene (delNS1) only replicates efficiently in IFN-alpha/beta-deficient systems. Consistent with this observation, we found that infection of tissue culture cells with delNS1 virus, but not with wild-type influenza A virus, induced high levels of mRNA synthesis from IFN-alpha/beta genes, including IFN-beta. It is known that transactivation of the IFN-beta promoter depends on NF-kappaB and several other transcription factors. Interestingly, cells infected with delNS1 virus showed high levels of NF-kappaB activation compared with those infected with wild-type virus. Expression of dominant-negative inhibitors of the NF-kappaB pathway during delNS1 virus infection prevented the transactivation of the IFN-beta promoter, demonstrating a functional link between NF-kappaB activation and IFN-alpha/beta synthesis in delNS1 virus-infected cells. Moreover, expression of the NS1 protein prevented virus- and/or double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-mediated activation of the NF-kappaB pathway and of IFN-beta synthesis. This inhibitory property of the NS1 protein of influenza A virus was dependent on its ability to bind dsRNA, supporting a model in which binding of NS1 to dsRNA generated during influenza virus infection prevents the activation of the IFN system. NS1-mediated inhibition of the NF-kappaB pathway may thus play a key role in the pathogenesis of influenza A virus.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.