ArticleNucleic acids research2000
Stabilization of the U5-leader stem in the HIV-1 RNA genome affects initiation and elongation of reverse transcription.
Article in Nucleic acids research, 2000. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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16 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- On the generation of the MSD-Ѱ class of defective HIV proviruses.Retrovirology · 2019Article
- Structure of HIV-1 RT/dsRNA initiation complex prior to nucleotide incorporation.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2019Article
- Distinctive variation in the U3R region of the 5' Long Terminal Repeat from diverse HIV-1 strains.PloS one · 2018Article
- Variation of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 reverse transcriptase within the simian immunodeficiency virus genome of RT-SHIV.PloS one · 2014Article
- 5' Unlocked Nucleic Acid Modification Improves siRNA Targeting.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2013Article
- Reverse Transcriptase and Cellular Factors: Regulators of HIV-1 Reverse Transcription.Viruses · 2009Article
- Trans-inhibition of HIV-1 by a long hairpin RNA expressed within the viral genome.Retrovirology · 2007Article
- A systematic analysis of the effect of target RNA structure on RNA interference.Nucleic acids research · 2007Article
- Hairpin-induced tRNA-mediated (HITME) recombination in HIV-1.Nucleic acids research · 2006Article
- Forced selection of a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 variant that uses a non-self tRNA primer for reverse transcription: involvement of viral RNA sequences and the reverse transcriptase enzyme.Journal of virology · 2004Article
- Frequent dual initiation in human immunodeficiency virus-based vectors containing two primer-binding sites: a quantitative in vivo assay for function of initiation complexes.Journal of virology · 2004Article
- The leader of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 genomic RNA harbors an internal ribosome entry segment that is active during the G2/M phase of the cell cycle.Journal of virology · 2003Article
- Switching the in vitro tRNA usage of HIV-1 by simultaneous adaptation of the PBS and PAS.RNA (New York, N.Y.) · 2002Article
- The tRNA primer activation signal in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 genome is important for initiation and processive elongation of reverse transcription.Journal of virology · 2002Article
- An intact U5-leader stem is important for efficient replication of simian immunodeficiency virus.Journal of virology · 2001Article
- Initiation of HIV-2 reverse transcription: a secondary structure model of the RNA-tRNA(Lys3) duplex.Nucleic acids research · 2001Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Reverse transcription of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus type I (HIV-1) RNA genome is primed by a cellular tRNA-lys3 molecule that binds to the primer binding site (PBS). The PBS is predicted to be part of an extended RNA structure, consisting of a small U5-PBS hairpin and a large U5-leader stem. In this study we stabilized the U5-leader stem of HIV-1 to study its role in reverse transcription. We tested in vitro synthesized wild-type and mutant templates in primer annealing, initiation and elongation assays. Stabilization of the stem inhibits the initiation of reverse transcription, but not the annealing of the tRNA primer onto the PBS. These results suggest that stabilization of the stem results in occlusion of a sequence motif that is involved in an additional interaction with the tRNA-lys3 primer and that is needed to trigger the initiation of reverse transcription. The stable structure was also found to affect the elongation of reverse transcription, causing the RT enzyme to pause upon copying 7-8 bases into the extended base paired stem. The stabilizing mutations were also introduced into proviral constructs for replication studies, demonstrating that the mutant viruses have a reduced replication capacity. Analysis of a revertant virus demonstrated that opening of the stabilized U5-leader stem can restore both virus replication and reverse transcription.
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