ArticleThe Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience2000
A purine-sensitive pathway regulates multiple genes involved in axon regeneration in goldfish retinal ganglion cells.
Article in The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2000. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 citations in OpenAlex.
- Erythropoiesis-inosine metabolic axis failure underlying retinal neurodegeneration in glaucoma: novel diagnoses and therapies.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Identifying novel metabolites in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder through metabolome profiling.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- Formate Might Be a Novel Potential Serum Metabolic Biomarker for Type 2 Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2023Article
- Inosine as a Tool to Understand and Treat Central Nervous System Disorders: A Neglected Actor?Frontiers in neuroscience · 2021Review
- Formate metabolism in health and disease.Molecular metabolism · 2020Review
- Inosine - a Multifunctional Treatment for Complications of Neurologic Injury.Cellular physiology and biochemistry : international journal of experimental cellular physiology, biochemistry, and pharmacology · 2018Review
- Targeting urate to reduce oxidative stress in Parkinson disease.Experimental neurology · 2017Review
- Inosine enhances recovery of grasp following cortical injury to the primary motor cortex of the rhesus monkey.Restorative neurology and neuroscience · 2016Article
- Article
- Oral administration of inosine promotes recovery after experimental spinal cord injury in rat.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2014Article
- Protection by inosine in a cellular model of Parkinson's disease.Neuroscience · 2014Article
- Article
- Expression and regulation of activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule in human retinal vascular endothelial cells.Experimental eye research · 2012Article
- Purine nucleosides: endogenous neuroprotectants in hypoxic brain.Journal of neurochemistry · 2012Review
- HIF-1 alpha is an essential effector for purine nucleoside-mediated neuroprotection against hypoxia in PC12 cells and primary cerebellar granule neurons.Journal of neurochemistry · 2008Article
- Mst3b, a purine-sensitive Ste20-like protein kinase, regulates axon outgrowth.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2006Article
- Switching mature retinal ganglion cells to a robust growth state in vivo: gene expression and synergy with RhoA inactivation.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2004Article
- Flotillin-1 in the substantia nigra of the Parkinson brain and a predominant localization in catecholaminergic nerves in the rat brain.Neurotoxicity research · 2004Article
- Axon regeneration in goldfish and rat retinal ganglion cells: differential responsiveness to carbohydrates and cAMP.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2003Article
- Macrophage-derived factors stimulate optic nerve regeneration.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2003Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
In lower vertebrates, retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) can regenerate their axons and reestablish functional connections after optic nerve injury. We show here that in goldfish RGCs, the effects of several trophic factors converge on a purine-sensitive signaling mechanism that controls axonal outgrowth and the expression of multiple growth-associated proteins. In culture, goldfish RGCs regenerate their axons in response to two molecules secreted by optic nerve glia, axogenesis factor-1 (AF-1) and AF-2, along with ciliary neurotrophic factor. The purine analog 6-thioguanine (6-TG) blocked outgrowth induced by each of these factors. Previous studies in PC12 cells have shown that the effects of 6-TG on neurite outgrowth may be mediated via inhibition of a 47 kDa protein kinase. Growth factor-induced axogenesis in RGCs was accompanied by many of the molecular changes that characterize regenerative growth in vivo, e.g. , increased expression of GAP-43 and certain cell surface glycoproteins. 6-TG inhibited all of these changes but not those associated with axotomy per se, e.g., induction of jun family transcription factors, nor did it affect cell survival. Additional studies using RGCs from transgenic zebrafish showed that expression of Talpha-1 tubulin is likewise stimulated by AF-1 and blocked by 6-TG. The purine nucleoside inosine had effects opposite to those of 6-TG. Inosine stimulated outgrowth and the characteristic pattern of molecular changes in RGCs and competitively reversed the inhibitory effects of 6-TG. We conclude that axon regeneration and the underlying program of gene expression in goldfish RGCs are mediated via a common, purine-sensitive pathway.
Indexed as
Identifiers
11050124PMC6772744W1500258094What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.