ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2000
Tonsillar memory B cells, latently infected with Epstein-Barr virus, express the restricted pattern of latent genes previously found only in Epstein-Barr virus-associated tumors.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2000. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers.
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Who cites it
59 citing papers in PubMed, 151 citations in OpenAlex.
- Epstein-Barr Virus Infection at Single-Cell Resolution.Journal of medical virology · 2026Review
- Epstein-Barr virus-infected tonsillar marginal zone B cellsJournal of virology · 2025Article
- Epstein-Barr virus replication within differentiated epithelia requires pRb sequestration of activator E2F transcription factors.Journal of virology · 2024Article
- A distinct isoform of lymphoid enhancer binding factor 1 (LEF1) epigenetically restricts EBV reactivation to maintain viral latency.PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- The Impact of Co-Infections for Human Gammaherpesvirus Infection and Associated Pathologies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Three-Dimensional Chromatin Structure of the EBV Genome: A Crucial Factor in Viral Infection.Viruses · 2023Review
- The Epstein-Barr Virus Glycoprotein BDLF2 Is Essential for Efficient Viral Spread in Stratified Epithelium.Journal of virology · 2023Article
- Review
- The nuclear lamina binds the EBV genome during latency and regulates viral gene expression.PLoS pathogens · 2022Article
- M1 Macrophage Polarization Prevails in Epstein-Barr Virus-Infected Children in an Immunoregulatory Environment.Journal of virology · 2022Article
- Review
- Article
- Immunodeficiencies that predispose to pathologies by human oncogenic γ-herpesviruses.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2019Review
- EBNA1-targeted inhibitors: Novel approaches for the treatment of Epstein-Barr virus-associated cancers.Theranostics · 2018Review
- A study of Epstein-Barr virus infection in the Chinese tree shrew(Tupaia belangeri chinensis).Virology journal · 2017Article
- Article
- The Incubation Period of Primary Epstein-Barr Virus Infection: Viral Dynamics and Immunologic Events.PLoS pathogens · 2015Article
- Epstein-Barr virus Latent Membrane Protein 2A (LMP2A)-mediated changes in Fas expression and Fas-dependent apoptosis: Role of Lyn/Syk activation.Cellular immunology · 2015Article
- Epstein Barr virus-associated lymphoproliferative diseases: the virus as a therapeutic target.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2015Review
- The Epstein-Barr virus encoded BART miRNAs potentiate tumor growth in vivo.PLoS pathogens · 2015Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) establishes a life-long persistent infection in most of the human population. In the peripheral blood, EBV is restricted to memory B cells that are resting and express limited genetic information. We have proposed that these memory cells are the site of long-term persistent infection. We now show that memory cells in the tonsil express the genes for EBV nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA1) (from the Qp promoter), latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1), and LMP2a but do not express EBNA2 or the EBNA3s. This pattern of latent gene expression has only been seen previously in EBV-associated tumors such as nasopharyngeal carcinoma, Hodgkin's disease (HD), and T/NK lymphomas. Normal circulating memory B cells frequently reenter secondary lymphoid tissue, where they receive signals essential for their survival. Specifically they require signals from antigen-specific T helper cells and from antigen itself. LMP1 and LMP2 are known to be able to generate these signals in a ligand-independent fashion. We suggest, therefore, that the transcription pattern we have found in latently infected, tonsillar, memory B cells is used because it allows for the expression of LMP1, LMP2a, and EBNA1 in the absence of the immunogenic and growth-promoting EBNA2 and EBNA3 molecules. LMP1 and LMP2a are produced to provide the surrogate rescue and survival signals needed to allow latently infected memory cells to persist, and EBNA1 is produced to allow replication of the viral episome.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.