ArticleThe Journal of experimental medicine2000
Apoptosis control in syncytia induced by the HIV type 1-envelope glycoprotein complex: role of mitochondria and caspases.
Article in The Journal of experimental medicine, 2000. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 77 papers.
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Who cites it
77 citing papers in PubMed, 216 citations in OpenAlex.
- TARDBP as a regulator of HIV-1 assembly and infection: a review of targeting the viral capsid precursor Pr55Gag and limiting viral core entry.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Review
- Review
- Mathematical Modeling of Cell-Cell Fusion Assays to Characterize Virus-Mediated Cell Fusion.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Under the Radar: Immune Evasion, Pathogenesis and Control of HIV Infection.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Self-DNA driven inflammation in COVID-19 and after mRNA-based vaccination: lessons for non-COVID-19 pathologies.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- N-aryl pyrido cyanine derivatives are nuclear and organelle DNA markers for two-photon and super-resolution imaging.Nature communications · 2021Article
- Swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus-induced apoptosis is caspase- and cyclophilin D- dependent.Emerging microbes & infections · 2020Article
- Rapamycin prevents cerebral stroke by modulating apoptosis and autophagy in penumbra in rats.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2018Article
- Mechanisms for Cell-to-Cell Transmission of HIV-1.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
- Pigment epithelium-derived factor protects retinal ganglion cells from hypoxia-induced apoptosis by preventing mitochondrial dysfunction.International journal of ophthalmology · 2017Article
- Mechano-signalling pathways in an experimental intensive critical illness myopathy model.The Journal of physiology · 2016Article
- Bacterial DNA Protects Monocytic Cells against HIV-Vpr-Induced Mitochondrial Membrane Depolarization.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2016Article
- HIV-1 Env Glycoprotein Phenotype along with Immune Activation Determines CD4 T Cell Loss in HIV Patients.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2016Article
- Therapeutic doses of irradiation activate viral transcription and induce apoptosis in HIV-1 infected cells.Virology · 2015Article
- Syncytial apoptosis signaling network induced by the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein complex: an overview.Cell death & disease · 2015Review
- Peripheral blood mononuclear cells of HIV-infected patients contain CD8 T cells that form conjugates with and kill HIV-infected autologous CD4 T cells.Immunology · 2015Article
- Assessing apoptosis gene expression profiling with a PCR array in the hippocampus of Ts65Dn mice.BioMed research international · 2015Article
- Review
- Necroptosis takes place in human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1)-infected CD4+ T lymphocytes.PloS one · 2014Article
- Flow cytometry analysis of cell population dynamics and cell cycle during HIV-1 envelope-mediated formation of syncytia in vitro.In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Animal · 2014Article
17 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Syncytia arising from the fusion of cells expressing a lymphotropic HIV type 1-encoded envelope glycoprotein complex (Env) with cells expressing the CD4/CXC chemokine receptor 4 complex spontaneously undergo cell death. Here we show that this process is accompanied by caspase activation and signs of mitochondrial membrane permeabilization (MMP), including the release of intermembrane proteins such as cytochrome c (Cyt-c) and apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) from mitochondria. In Env-induced syncytia, caspase inhibition did not suppress AIF- and Cyt-c translocation, yet it prevented all signs of nuclear apoptosis. Translocation of Bax to mitochondria led to MMP, which was inhibited by microinjected Bcl-2 protein or bcl-2 transfection. Bcl-2 also prevented the subsequent nuclear chromatin condensation and DNA fragmentation. The release of AIF occurred before that of Cyt-c and before caspase activation. Microinjection of AIF into syncytia sufficed to trigger rapid, caspase-independent Cyt-c release. Neutralization of endogenous AIF by injection of an antibody prevented all signs of spontaneous apoptosis occurring in syncytia, including the Cyt-c release and nuclear apoptosis. In contrast, Cyt-c neutralization only prevented nuclear apoptosis, and did not affect AIF release. Our results establish that the following molecular sequence governs apoptosis of Env-induced syncytia: Bax-mediated/Bcl-2-inhibited MMP --> AIF release --> Cyt-c release --> caspase activation --> nuclear apoptosis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.