ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2000
Selective CXCR4 antagonism by Tat: implications for in vivo expansion of coreceptor use by HIV-1.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2000. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 206 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
206 citing papers in PubMed, 364 citations in OpenAlex.
- Lytic EBV infection investigated by detection of Soluble Epstein-Barr virus ZEBRA in the serum of patients with PTLD.Scientific reports · 2017Trial
- Effects of HIV and azidothymidine on Alzheimer's-like pathology and amyloid beta transporters in hu-PBL-NSG mice, brain endothelial amyloid beta uptake and endothelial barrier integrity.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2026Article
- HIV-1 Tat Protein Exposure Alters the Morphological Characteristics and Gene Expression in the Primary Mouse Cortex Endothelial Cells and Human Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Synthesis and evaluation of novel substituted N-(2-phenylbutyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-quinazolin-4-amines as allosteric modulators of HIV-DAT-tat interaction.Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters · 2025Article
- Mutational effects of the asparagine198 and glutamate223 residues on the human norepinephrine transporter on basal and HIV-1 Tat protein-induced inhibition of dopamine transport.European journal of pharmacology · 2025Article
- HIV-1 Tat protein exposure alters the morphological characteristics and gene expression in the primary mouse cortex endothelial cells and human brain microvascular endothelial cells.Research square · 2025Article
- HIV Protein TAT Dysregulates Multiple Pathways in Human iPSCs-Derived Microglia.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- SLC38A9 is directly involved in Tat-induced endolysosome dysfunction and senescence in astrocytes.Life science alliance · 2025Article
- Genotoxic consequences of viral infections.Npj viruses · 2025Review
- HIV Tat as a latency reversing agent: turning the tables on viral persistence.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Compensatory reactions of B cells in response to chronic HIV-1 Tat exposure.Journal of cellular physiology · 2025Article
- HIV-1 Tat-induced disruption of epithelial junctions and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of oral and genital epithelial cells lead to increased invasiveness of neoplastic cells and the spread of herpes simplex virus and cytomegalovirus.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Impact of HIV-1 tat protein on methamphetamine-induced inhibition of vesicular monoamine transporter2-mediated dopamine transport and methamphetamine conditioned place preference in HIV-1 tat transgenic mice.European journal of pharmacology · 2024Article
- Acute Administration of HIV-1 Tat Protein Drives Glutamatergic Alterations in a Rodent Model of HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders.Molecular neurobiology · 2024Article
- Suppression of HIV-TAT and cocaine-induced neurotoxicity and inflammation by cell penetrable itaconate esters.Journal of neurovirology · 2024Article
- HIV-1 Tat-Mediated Human Müller Glial Cell Senescence Involves Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Dysregulated Autophagy.Viruses · 2024Article
- Something to talk about; crosstalk disruption at the neurovascular unit during HIV infection of the CNS.NeuroImmune pharmacology and therapeutics · 2024Article
- 12-week Dolutegravir treatment marginally reduces energy expenditure but does not increase body weight or alter vascular function in a murine model of Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection.Vascular pharmacology · 2024Article
- MDSC expansion during HIV infection: regulators, ART and immune reconstitution.Genes and immunity · 2024Review
- CXCL17 is an allosteric inhibitor of CXCR4 through a mechanism of action involving glycosaminoglycans.Science signaling · 2024Article
146 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Chemokines and chemokine receptors play important roles in HIV-1 infection and tropism. CCR5 is the major macrophage-tropic coreceptor for HIV-1 whereas CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) serves the counterpart function for T cell-tropic viruses. An outstanding biological mystery is why only R5-HIV-1 is initially detected in new seroconvertors who are exposed to R5 and X4 viruses. Indeed, X4 virus emerges in a minority of patients and only in the late stage of disease, suggesting that early negative selection against HIV-1-CXCR4 interaction may exist. Here, we report that the HIV-1 Tat protein, which is secreted from virus-infected cells, is a CXCR4-specific antagonist. Soluble Tat selectively inhibited the entry and replication of X4, but not R5, virus in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). We propose that one functional consequence of secreted Tat is to select against X4 viruses, thereby influencing the early in vivo course of HIV-1 disease.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.