ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2000
Effects of eight growth factors on the differentiation of cells derived from human embryonic stem cells.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2000. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 238 papers.
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Who cites it
238 citing papers in PubMed, 1,130 citations in OpenAlex.
- In vitro culture-induced pluripotency of human spermatogonial stem cells.BioMed research international · 2013Trial
- Cell differentiation-related signaling pathways: biological functions, diseases and therapeutic targets.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Deacidification of the Endolysosomal System by the Vesicular Proton Pump V-ATPase Inhibitor Bafilomycin A1 Affects EGF Receptor Endocytosis Differently in Endometrial MSC and HeLa Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Staged Construction of Pluripotent Stem Cell Lung Models for Assessing Respiratory Toxicity of Environmental Pollutants.Environment & health (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Review
- Embryoid bodies as a model system for exploring early human embryonic development.Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics · 2025Review
- EIF3D safeguards the homeostasis of key signaling pathways in human primed pluripotency.Science advances · 2025Article
- Effects of basic fibroblast growth factor on cartilage to bone: Time-course histological analysis ofRegenerative therapy · 2025Article
- Evaluating Strategies to Assess the Differentiation Potential of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells: A Review, Analysis and Call for Innovation.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2025Review
- Construction of human pluripotent stem cell-derived testicular organoids and their use as humanized testis models for evaluating the effects of semaglutide.Theranostics · 2025Article
- Pluripotent stem cell-derived organoids: A brief history of curiosity-led discoveries.BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology · 2024Review
- Genome-wide screening reveals essential roles for HOX genes and imprinted genes during caudal neurogenesis of human embryonic stem cells.Stem cell reports · 2024Article
- Proneurogenic actions of follicle-stimulating hormone on neurospheres derived from ovarian cortical cells in vitro.BMC veterinary research · 2024Article
- Primitive and Definitive Neural Precursor Cells Are Present in Human Cerebral Organoids.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- EGF, TGF-International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Induction of primordial germ cell-like cells from common marmoset embryonic stem cells by inhibition of WNT and retinoic acid signaling.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Effects of Y-27632, a Rho-associated Kinase Inhibitor, on Human Corneal Endothelial Cells Cultured by Isolating Human Corneal Endothelial Progenitor Cells.Korean journal of ophthalmology : KJO · 2023Article
- Effects of growth factor deprivation on MKN-45 spheroid cells.Turkish journal of biology = Turk biyoloji dergisi · 2023Article
- Forces in stem cells and cancer stem cells.Cells & development · 2022Review
- Improving Cell Recovery: Freezing and Thawing Optimization of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells.Cells · 2022Review
- Recapitulating dynamic ECM ligand presentation at biomaterial interfaces: Molecular strategies and biomedical prospects.Exploration (Beijing, China) · 2022Review
178 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Human embryonic stem (ES) cells are pluripotent cells derived from the inner cell mass of in vitro fertilized human blastocysts. We examined the potential of eight growth factors [basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1), activin-A, bone morphogenic protein 4 (BMP-4), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), beta nerve growth factor (betaNGF), and retinoic acid] to direct the differentiation of human ES-derived cells in vitro. We show that human ES cells that have initiated development as aggregates (embryoid bodies) express a receptor for each of these factors, and that their effects are evident by differentiation into cells with different epithelial or mesenchymal morphologies. Differentiation of the cells was assayed by expression of 24 cell-specific molecular markers that cover all embryonic germ layers and 11 different tissues. Each growth factor has a unique effect that may result from directed differentiation and/or cell selection, and we can divide the overall effects of the factors into three categories: growth factors (Activin-A and TGFbeta1) that mainly induce mesodermal cells; factors (retinoic acid, EGF, BMP-4, and bFGF) that activate ectodermal and mesodermal markers; and factors (NGF and HGF) that allow differentiation into the three embryonic germ layers, including endoderm. None of the growth factors directs differentiation exclusively to one cell type. This analysis sets the stage for directing differentiation of human ES cells in culture and indicates that multiple human cell types may be enriched in vitro by specific factors.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.