ArticleMolecular and cellular biology2000
Target selectivity of bicoid is dependent on nonconsensus site recognition and protein-protein interaction.
Article in Molecular and cellular biology, 2000. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Ancient mechanisms for the evolution of the bicoid homeodomain's function in fly development.eLife · 2018Article
- Probing the impact of temperature on molecular events in a developmental system.Scientific reports · 2015Article
- Distinct global shifts in genomic binding profiles of limb malformation-associated HOXD13 mutations.Genome research · 2013Article
- Dampened regulates the activating potency of Bicoid and the embryonic patterning outcome in Drosophila.Nature communications · 2013Article
- ¹H, ¹³C and ¹⁵N chemical shift assignments for the human Pitx2 homeodomain in complex with a 22-base hairpin DNA.Biomolecular NMR assignments · 2012Article
- Organization of developmental enhancers in the Drosophila embryo.Nucleic acids research · 2009Article
- OTX5 regulates pineal expression of the zebrafish REV-ERB alpha through a new DNA binding site.Molecular endocrinology (Baltimore, Md.) · 2008Article
- Quantitative analysis of binding motifs mediating diverse spatial readouts of the Dorsal gradient in the Drosophila embryo.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2005Article
- Interplay between positive and negative activities that influence the role of Bicoid in transcription.Nucleic acids research · 2005Article
- Enhancer sequences influence the role of the amino-terminal domain of bicoid in transcription.Molecular and cellular biology · 2003Article
- Pitx2a expression alters actin-myosin cytoskeleton and migration of HeLa cells through Rho GTPase signaling.Molecular biology of the cell · 2002Article
- Reprogrammable recognition codes in bicoid homeodomain-DNA interaction.Molecular and cellular biology · 2000Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
We describe experiments to compare the activities of two Drosophila homeodomain proteins, Bicoid (Bcd) and an altered-specificity mutant of Fushi tarazu, Ftz(Q50K). Although the homeodomains of these proteins share a virtually indistinguishable ability to recognize a consensus Bcd site, only Bcd can activate transcription from natural enhancer elements when assayed in both yeast and Drosophila Schneider S2 cells. Our analysis of chimeric proteins suggests that both the homeodomain of Bcd and sequences outside the homeodomain contribute to its ability to recognize natural enhancer elements. We further show that, unlike the Bcd homeodomain, the Ftz(Q50K) homeodomain fails to recognize nonconsensus sites found in natural enhancer elements. The defect of a chimeric protein containing the homeodomain of Ftz(Q50K) in place of that of Bcd can be preferentially restored by converting the nonconsensus sites in natural enhancer elements to consensus sites. Our experiments suggest that the biological specificity of Bcd is determined by combinatorial contributions of two important mechanisms: the nonconsensus site recognition function conferred by the homeodomain and the cooperativity function conferred primarily by sequences outside the homeodomain. A systematic comparison of different assay methods and enhancer elements further suggests a fluid nature of the requirements for these two Bcd functions in target selection.
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